From the Editor—July 2026

Independence Day comes and goes every year, but it’s never quite clear, now 250 years later, what exactly it is that most people are celebrating. Some tell us that it’s “America’s birthday,” while others say it’s the anniversary of “freedom.” Some people don’t really have much of an opinion about it at all. For many, it’s just a day to celebrate “America” and enjoy a day off from work.

Macroeconomic Data Is Really a Tool for Government Intervention

It is common for commentators and economists to refer to something called the “economy,” which sometimes performs well and, at other times, poorly. The “economy” is presented as an entity apart from individuals. Within this framework, the “economy” is assigned paramount importance, while the role of individuals is barely mentioned. It must be realized that, at no stage, does the so-called “economy” have a life of its own, independent from individuals.

Central Banking: The Scourge of Civilization

Apple builds and sells iPhones. I happen to own one of the older models, for the same reason I own a last-legs older model car. What if Apple could skip the build part and sell only the phone? The money saved would be an enormous boost to its bottom line. And if Apple passed the savings onto customers I could conceivably afford to upgrade.

Where would the phones come from? From a bookkeeping entry, of course.

Daniel Armendáriz

Daniel Armendáriz is a Spanish student from the UCM of “History” and “Classics.”

Kevin Huynh, MD, is a cardiologist with an interest in Austrian economics, particularly the theory of interest,