McMahan On Killing in War

Jeff McMahan wrote a genuinely revolutionary book, Killing in War (OUP, 2009), which uncovered a flaw in standard just-war theory. The standard view sharply separates the morality of going to war—jus ad bellum—from the morality of warfare—jus in bello. Whether or not a war is just does not affect the morality of how war is to be conducted.

A Very Brief History of Taxation and the State

While this topic is vast and we cannot do it full justice, we have to understand something of the history of taxation to help us understand the nature of taxes and the state.

In short, and necessarily oversimplified, taxation often originated in systems of war, conquest, and tribute, and over time became institutionalized within states that claimed a monopoly on force, evolving into more complex systems that combine coercion with varying degrees of legal legitimacy and public provision.