The costs of war are vast and horrific. Most people know this, which raises the question of why the US government seemingly can’t live without it. Is it simply a matter of applied Keynesianism, that of spending the country into vast riches while also spending ourselves safe? For the industrial recipients of the spending war signals successful lobbying, but only if it’s over there.
Through the ongoing process of exchange, people eventually settled on gold as their preferred medium of exchange. Some commentators cast doubt that gold could fulfill the role of money in the modern world. It is held that, relative to the growing demand for money because of growing economies, the supply of gold is not growing fast enough.
According to Insider from June 15, 2011,
Every so often, a new Chinese model arrives to reset the conversation about who leads the artificial intelligence race. DeepSeek did it first, startling commentators who had assumed that American export controls guaranteed a durable lead. Now Kimi 3 has revived the same chorus, with observers arguing that China has quietly closed, or even erased, the gap in frontier technology.
Government regulations are enacted as consumer protections on the premise that the state disciplines markets better than markets discipline firms. In competitive markets with strong property rights, firms must continually satisfy consumers on price and quality or lose them to rivals, and avoid harming property owners who can obtain relief from courts that enforce their rights.
One area that has received relatively little attention among liberals is the issue of liberty in determining holidays and leisure time. The classical liberal tradition has long regarded each individual’s right to make decisions regarding the use of their own time as self-evident; however, it has paid less attention to the ways in which governments violate this right through official holidays and restrictions on nighttime business activities.
The 14th Amendment has been used extensively to decide on the constitutionality of many issues, among others segregation in schools, “civil rights,” immigration, and abortion. Debates over the meaning of the Amendment have produced an enormous literature. But there is a more fundamental issue that is generally ignored. Was the 14th Amendment legally ratified? If it wasn’t, the framework for much of subsequent constitutional law collapses.
