Liberty or Equality
M
M
Mably, Gabriel de (Abbé), 91, 305
Macartney, H. A., 331
Macaulay, Th. B. (Lord), 22, 117, 289, 309
Maček, Vladimir, 145
MacGifford, A. C., 351
Machado, Antonio, 345, 365
Mackenzie, Compton, 334
MacLaughlin, Andrew C., 286
Macomber, William F., 325
Mac Williams, Carey, 314
Madariaga, Salvador de, 207, 336, 337, 344, 345
Madison, James, President of the United States, 6, 7, 8, 38, 39, 286, 290, 293, 298, 326
Madness (folly), 243
Madol, Hans Roger, 323
Magistrate, prerogatives of, 222–23
Mährisch - Trübau (Moravská Trebova), 255
Maier-Hartmann, Fritz, 364
Maine, Sir Henry, 14, 55, 63, 110, 297, 298, 308, 343
Maistre, Joseph Comte de, 13, 41–42, 78, 140, 207, 245, 287, 301, 303, 316, 321, 344, 348, 349, 352, 355
Majority, majority rule, 36, 39, 41, 88, 106, 124, 172, 173, 265, 306, 309, 326
Majority consent, 170
“Malism,” 304
Malitz, Bruno, 349
Mallet, Sir Bernard, 323
Mallet du Pan, Jacques, 323, 366
Man, algebraic nature of, 108
Man, political aspects of, 92–93
Man, psychological aspects of, 196
Man, theological and philosophical aspects of, 165–66, 181
Manchester school, 89
Mani, 212
Manichæism, 329, 333
Mann, Thomas, 24, 289, 345
Mannheim, Karl, 290, 322
Manning, Henry Edward, Cardinal, 342
Manteuffel, Edwin, Baron, 331
Mantoux, Étienne, 366
Marat, Jean Paul, 161, 258
Marcel, Gabriel, 331, 337
March, William, 292
Maria Theresa, Empress, 135, 141, 155, 277
Maria Theresa, Order of, 337
Maria, Queen of Hungary, 318
Maria Christina, Queen of Spain, 153, 156
Maria Christina, Archduchess of Austria, 319
Mariana, Juan de (S.J.), 6, 333
“Marianne,” symbol of France, 148
Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, 322, 323
Maritain, Jacques, 292, 305, 306, 310, 327, 343, 345
Marius, 318
Marquiset, M., 300
Marshall, John, 6, 293
Marsiglio (Marsilius) of Padua, 212, 250, 345, 358
Martin, Everett Dean, 183, 190, 289, 304, 309, 330, 335
Marx, Karl, 203, 211, 236, 267, 358, 362, 365
Marxism, 69–70, 267
Mary, St., 231
Masaryk, Jan, 356
Masaryk, Thomas G., President of Czechoslovakia, 253, 257, 258, 343, 356, 358, 359, 360
Masaryk University, 254
Mass democracy, 130
Mass (Catholic), 351
Masses (multitudes, crowds), 34, 39, 40, 57, 64, 130, 190, 231, 319, 323
Masurians (East Prussian Poles), 218, 329
Materialism, 68–69
Matthes, Kurt, 351
Matthews, Herbert L., 293
Matriarchalism, 148–49
Matrimonium consummatum, 182 n
Maugham, W. Somerset, 332
Maundy Thursday, 152
Mauriac, Francois, 308
Maurois, André, 333
Maurras, Charles, 84, 296, 313
Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, 343
Maximilian II, Elector of Bavaria, 319
May, Eduard, 311
May, Sir Erskine, 22
Mayer, J. P., 294, 295, 298
Maynard, Theodore, 299, 305, 325
Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal, 161
Mazzini, Giuseppe, 50
McGovern, W. M., 219, 348
McKinnon, Harold R., 325, 354
McNeill-Moss, Major Geoffrey, 342
Mecklenburg, 261
Medievalism, Protestant, 181, 182–83
Mediocrity, 73, 85, 300
Meertens, P. J., 336
Meinecke, Friedrich, 361
Meissner, Alfred, 357
Meissner, Erich, 325
Melanchthon, Philip, 181, 350
Melville, Herman, 14, 24–25, 60, 70–71, 290, 292, 298, 300, 307, 335, 340
Ménasce, Jean de, 290
Mercier, C., 353
Mercier, Désiré, Cardinal, 166
Merezhkovski, Dmitri, 48, 65, 73, 295, 299. 300, 303, 318, 342
Mesens, E. L. T., 143
Messer, August, 339
Messner, Johannes, 323
Metaphysics, democratic, 307
Metnitz, Gustav Adolf von, 361, 366
Metternich, Clement, Prince, 81, 121, 278; (character of) 287, 291, 322, 333, 336, 352
Mexico, United States intervention in, 343–44
Michel, Ernst, 337
Michelet, Jules, 76, 300, 301, 335, 365
Michels, Robert, 109–10, 295, 308
Middle Ages, 4–5, 165–66, 171
Middle class, 22, 59, 106, 203, 323
Middle West, 37
Migne, Jacques Paul, 305, 322, 338, 339
Militarism, 59–62, 66, 252
Military dictatorship, see Bonapartism, Boulangism, etc.
Mill, John Stuart, 14, 15, 25–26, 27, 37, 38–40, 51, 117–18, 135, 287, 290, 291, 292, 293, 296, 299, 319
Miller, John C., 286, 325
Miller, Samuel Freeman, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 322
Minorities, ethnic, 158, 161–62, 314
“Minus Six” (exile from six Soviet capital cities), 109
Mirabeau, H.G. Riqueti, Comte de, 90
Mirkine-Guétzévitch, B., 327
Mises, Ludwig von, 290
Mississippi (State of), 328
Mob, the, 224
Moderation, 334–35
Modernity, 83
Moeller van den Brück, Arthur, 271, 290, 366
Mohammed, 155, 321
Mohammedanism, 228
Mohler, Arnim, 361
Molisch, Paul, 360
Molnàr, Ferenc, 297
Moltke, Count Hellmuth von, General, 65, 300, 336
Monarchs, education of, 319
Monarchs, essential character of, 142, 150–61, 320
Monarchy, 13, 34, 52, 71–72, 93, 104, 124, 132, 133, 135–143, 150–163, 206–207; (in Scandinavia) 231; 240, 247, 272, 280–81, 313, 314; (international character of) 316; 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324; (and liberty) 324–35
Monarchy, absolute, 28, 42, 68, 82, 129
Monarchy, elective, 184
Monarchy, pagan, 144
Monarchy, parliamentary, 161
Monarchy in Protestant countries, 205
Monnerot, Jules, 292
Monotheism, 139
Montaigne, Michel de, 332
Montalembert, Comte Charles de, 14, 33, 288
Montanelli, Indro, 332, 343
Montcheuil, Y. de, 310
Montesquieu, Charles, Baron Secondat de, 13, 15–16, 57, 287, 290, 297, 318, 331
Moreau de St. Méry, M.L.E., 313
Morganatic marriages, 159
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 310
Mörike, Eduard F., 230
Morley, Felix, 368
Morrell, George, 340
Morris, Gouverneur, 6, 314, 322, 367
Morris, Lloyd, 105
Morrison, Herbert, 319
Mosca, Gaetano, 109, 290
Mosheim, Laurentius von, 358
“Motherland,” 146
Mounier, Emmanuel, 324
Mowrer, Edgar A., 356
Muckermann, H., 329
Mueller, Franz H., 314
Müller, Adam von, 307
Müller, Erich, 366
Müller-Freienfels, Richard, 296, 307, 364
Münch, Hermann, 360
Münsterberg, Hugo, 306, 313
Münzer, Thomas, 225
Multiple function, 166
Munich, 203, 218, 276
Muret, Charlotte, 288
Murray, J. Courtney (S.J.), 339
Murray, Rosalind, 91, 305, 307
Mussolini, Arnaldo, 202–03
Mussolini, Benito, 45, 124, 145, 148, 161, 162, 186, 203, 209, 211, 219, 250, 325, 355, 357, 364
Mussolini, Vittorio, 364
Myrdal, Gunnar, 297
“Mystery of Murder,” 48
Myths (political), 123, 199, 313, 340
N
N.S.D.A.P., see National Socialist German Workers’ Party
N.S.S.C., see National Socialist Party of Czechoslovakia
Naab, Ingbert (O.F.M.), 361
Nadler, Josef, 360
Nantes, Edict of, 242
Napoleon I, 50, 59, 61, 66, 82, 90, 154, 297, 309, 321
Napoleon III (Louis Napoleon), 18, 44–45, 54, 68, 153, 176
Napoleonic wars, 242
Nappold, F. C., 367
Nàprstek, co-founder of Sokols, 251
Nash, Ogden, 306, 368
National Liberals, 262
National Socialism, 9, 20, 21, 58, 62–63, 99, 102, 124, 164, 203, 209–11, 217–20, 221, 229–30, 231, 237–38, 240, 243–45, 247–48, 250, 253, 262; (revolutionary element in) 266; (universal spread of) 271; 310, 348, 349, 350, 351, 356, 359–67
National Socialism (marxist interpretation of), 247
National Socialist German Workers’ Party (N.S.D.A.P.), 209, 245, 253, 254, 258, 259–65; (class structure of) 265–66; 269–77; (religious composition of) 363
National Socialist Party of Czechoslovakia (N.S.S.C.), 209–11, 252–53, 255, 269–70, 358, 360
National Socialist votes, 217–18
“Nationalisation” (socialisation), 27, 332
Nationalism, ethnic, 44, 53, 54, 55, 59, 141, 154–55, 200, 209, 211, 227–28, 239, 250, 251–53, 265, 316, 355, 358, 359, 360
Naumann, Friedrich, 253, 360
Nazi, see National Socialism
Neesse, Gottfried, 355, 364
Negrín, Juan, 90
Negroes, 57, 59, 337
Nehéz, early Austrian Nazi, 363
Neo-orthodoxy, Protestant, 188, 235
Neo-Thomism, 1, 91–92, 96, 164–67
Nesmes-Desmarets, Robert de, 327
Netherlands, 179, 187, 191, 198, 240, 336
Neuhäusler, Johann, 348
Neumann, Franz, 219, 348, 351, 355, 364
Neumann, Sigmund, 265, 291
Nevada, 97
New Deal, 104, 172
New England, 37, 233
New York, 97, 181
Newman, Henry Cardinal, 312
Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia, 342
Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia, 111, 156
Nichols, James H., 355
Nickerson, Hoffman, 298, 320
Niebuhr, B. G., 14, 65–66, 72–73, 299, 300
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 219, 348
Niemöller, Martin, Pastor, 241
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 14, 24, 48, 93, 249, 271, 290, 295, 299, 304, 366
Nihilism, philosophic, 4, 368
Nîmes, 352
Nisei (U.S. Japanese), 27, 158, 314
Noailles, Louis Marie Vicomte de, 90
Nobility, noblemen, 8–9
Nock, Albert J., 38, 183, 293, 307, 309, 319
Noldin, H., 339
Non-conformism, 122, 193
Nordic race, 58
Norton, Lord (C. B. Anderley), 147, 318
Norway, 179, 199
Nostrism, 105, 107, 141
Notestein, Wallace, 329
Nude, the, in art, 182
Numeralism, 107–08, 310, 312
Nuremberg, Diet of, 220–21
Nuremberg trials, 219
O
Obedience, 337
Obedience, suffering, 222–26, 240–41
O’Connell, Daniel, 344
Oder, river, 56
Oesterreicher, John M., 350
O’Faoláin, Seán, 344
O’Hara, John, 329
Old Czech Party, 251
Old Testament, 181, 228
Olden, Rudolf, 362
Oligarchy (oligarchies), 110, 128, 135, 318
Oliveira Salazar, A., see Salazar, Antonio Oliveira
Olmütz (Olomouc), 331
One-man-rule, 322
One-party-system, 98
“One World,” 18, 79
Opinion, freedom of, 157
Organic government, 13, 155–56, 313
d’Ors, Eugenio, 308
Ortega y Gasset, Don José, 60, 72, 93, 288, 294, 298, 300, 365
Orton, William Aylott, 304, 308, 321
Ostracism, 19
Ostrogorski, Moises Y., 308
Oswiecim, 107
Otten, Karl, 219, 291, 348
Ottlik, Ladislas (László), 265, 364, 365
Otto, Rudolf, 340
Oyarzun, Roman, 285
P
Pagans, 196
Page, Ambassador W. H., 344
Paine, Tom, 203
Palacký, František, 251, 346, 347, 356, 358
Palatinate, 241
Palatine Hill, 162
Palmer, Joseph, 292
Pan-Germanism (Pan-Germans), 98
Pan-Slavism, 55, 56
Papacy (Vatican), 139, 152, 185, 196, 215–16, 338
Papen, Felix von, 365
Papen, Franz von, 63, 263, 298, 363, 368
Pareto, Vilfredo, 109, 287
Parkes, James, 285, 350
Parliament, all-European, 281
Parliamentarism, 67, 86, 97, 201, 280–81, 309
Parliaments, 246, 355
Parmiter, Geoffrey de C., 327
Parsons, Wilfrid (S.J.), 305
Parties, totalitarian, 246–47
Party dictatorship, 62, 124, 162, 295
Party discipline, 97
Party rule, 150
Pascal, Blaise, 114, 121, 161, 309, 310, 316, 324
Pašić, Nikola, 145, 161
Pasini, Achille, 325
Passerin d’Entrèves, A., 328
Passiveness, 77
Paterson, Isabel, 298
Patriarchalism, 138–41, 144–45, 146–49, 155, 187, 314, 315, 318, 321
Patriotism, 16, 44, 70–71; (definition) 316
Paul, St. (Apostle), 215, 353
Payne, Peter, 212–13, 346
Peace, 24
Peace-criminals, 154
Peasants, 58, 225, 227, 332
Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil, 343
Peers, E. Allison, 185–86, 332
Péguy, Charles, no, 194, 308, 336, 343
Pekař, Josef, 250, 358
Pelhřimovsky, Mikuläš, 213
Pemán y Pemartín, José Maria, 330, 334
Pembaur, Walther, 105
People, common (Luther’s view), 223, 227
People, flattery of, 110, 111
People, The, 171, 265
People’s Court (German), 264
People’s Democracy, 312
“People’s Emperor,” 355–56
People’s Party (Volkspartei), 131
Perkins, Frances, 309
Pernerstorfer, Engelbert, 362
Perrin, Henri, 248
Persecution of convictions, 285
Person (as opposed to individual), 106, 150, 166
Personalism, 201; (Catholic) 236, 343
Personality, person, 25–26, 48, 89, 122–23, 252
“Persuasion,” 190
Pétain, Henri Philippe, Marshal, 344
Petegorsky, David W., 288
Peter, St. (Apostle), 226
Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia, 79, 81
Peter Lombard, 197
Peter, Margarete, 354
Peterhof, 157
Petersen, Julius, 346
Peterson, Erik, 315
Petrie, Sir Charles, 289, 298
Pfister, Kurt, 319
Pfitzner, Josef, 253, 270, 361, 366
Philip of Macedonia, 76
Philip II, King of Spain, 285, 332
Philosophy, 86, 165
Philosophy, political, 222
Picker, Henry, 368
Pierce, Franklin, President of the U.S., 8
Pierleone (Pierleoni), family, 155
Pierson, Donald, 343
Pierson, George Wilson, 291
“Piety,” 316
Pilate, Pontius, 127
Pilgrim Fathers, 148, 221
Pilsudski, Józef, 145
Pimodan, Marquis de, 153–54
Pittsburgh University, 181
Pius II (Aeneas S. Piccolomini), 346
Pius V, 285
Pius VII, 5
Pius IX, 304, 336
Pius XII, 94, (Christmas message) 129; 310, 312
Planetta, Otto, 366
Plato, 6, 12, 14, 19, 32, 44, 105, 147, 196, 289
Plebiscites, 96
Plivier, T., 345
Plutarch, 314
Plutocracy, 157
Pobyedonostsev, C. P., 161
Poland (Polish Commonwealth), 76, 153, 162, 171, 266, 267
Poles, 188
Police, 43
Politbureau, 81
Political animal, 100
Political cycles, see Evolution, political
“Political theology,” 315
Politician, 159, 192, 311
Politicians, moral position of, 111–15, 120
Pomerania, 261
Pope, Alexander, 333
Popper-Lynkeus, Josef, 324
Popular sovereignty, 173–74, 177, 184, 309, 326, 327
Popularity, 174
Portugal, Portuguese, 186, 195
Potsdam, 77, 78, (edict of) 242
Power, 51, 53, 151–52, 168, 170, 174, 226, 241
Power, ecclesiastic, 338
Power, royal, 212
Power, secular, 338
Pradt, Dominique Dufour de, Abbé, 81–82, 303
Pragmatism, 244
Prague, 256, 346
Pravda, 70
Predestination (determinism), 57, 69–76, 183, 196, 348
Prediger, Wilhelm, 255
Preen, Friedrich von, 39, 53, 67, 72, 76, 288, 293, 296, 298, 299, 300, 304, 309, 323
Presidents of the U.S., 151, 321
Pressure, horizontal, 39, 83, 149, 156, 193, (in the U.S.) 292
Pressure, vertical, 149, 193
Prévost-Paradol, Lucien Anatole, 14, 147, 324, 353
Pribilla, Max, 339
Priesthood, 212
Primitive societies (and democracy), 137
Primo de Rivera, José, 345
Princes, pious and merciful, 225–27
Princes, position of, 223
Princes, power of, 223
Prinéip, Gavrilo, 191
Private interpretation, 183, 190
Private spheres, 109
Privileges, 38
Proch (early Nazi), 361
Progress, technical, 43
Prohibition, 9
Prokop, Holy (“the Bald”), 250
Proletariate, urban, 8, 84
Property (private), 5, 27, 33, 65–66, 265, 323
Property, qualification, 115, 120
Proskynesis, 163
Protection, Russian, 79, 81
Protestant Nations, 86–87, 126, 185, 198–99, 240–41
Protestant society, 193
Protestantism, 11, 80, 125, 175, 180–83; (and capitalism) 186; (and education) 189; 212, 231–38, 311, 340–41; (puritan spirit) 349, 354–55
Protestantism, conversion to, 333
Protestantism, evolution of, 182, 188, 233
Protestantism, liberal, 127, 188, 192, 199, 311, 330
Protestantism, orthodox, 196, 221, 244, 330
Protestantism, psychological aspects, 234–35
Protestants in Catholic countries, 330
Protestants, French, 179, 329–30
Protestants, German, 217–19
Proudhon, P. J., 14, 23, 45–46, 109, 157, 179, 289, 294, 299, 308, 323, 328
Prussia, 56, 80, 191, 218, 239, 242, 347, 353, 366
“Prussianism,” 241, 366
Prussians, 249
Psychoanalysis, 139–40, 144–45, 316
Psychology, 165, 196
Puaux, Frank, 326
Public opinion, 36–38, 53, 237
Pulaski, Casimir, 9
Purge (épuration), 52
Puritans, English, 351
Q
Qualification, intellectual, 64–65, 130
Quality, 91
Quantity, 39, 91
Quasi-legitimacy, 162, 175
Quatrefages de Bréau, Jean L. A. de, 353
Quebec (city), 189
Queens, animosity against, 318
R
Raabe, Wilhelm, 230
Race, 239; (religious implications) 351
Racialism, 55–59, 141, 155, 201, 203–04, 228, 316, 342–43, 355–56
Racine, Jean, 339
Raczynski, Count Athanasius, 80, 303
Radbruch, Gustav, 288
Radecki, Sigmund von, 321
Radicals, 54
Rádl, Emanuel, 359
Radowitz, J. von, 332
Rákosi, Mátyás, 312
Rambaud, Alfred Nicolas, 319
Randall, H. S., 22
Rappard, William E., 308
Rathenau, Walter, 364
Rauschning, Hermann, 299, 355, 365
Ravaillac, Francois, 334
Raynal, G. T. F. (Abbé), 321
Read, Herbert, 20, 288
Reade, Charles, 352
Reality, objective, 165
Reason, 64, 171, 172, 221–22, 309, 316, 327
Rebellion, 170
Reck-Malleczewen, Fritz, 362
Red Cross, 233
Redier, Antoine, 290, 291, 292, 293
Reductio ad absurdum, 244
Reformation, 42, 121, 179–83, 220–21, 269
Reformers, political ideas of, 349
“Regular guy,” 192
Reich, 232
Reich, Second, 49
Reichenberg, 255, 256
Reichstag, 99
Reisert, Friedrich, 213
Reiwald, Paul, 317
Relativism, 126, 189–90, 311, 354, 368
Religion, 70, 86–87, 140, 179, 245
Religion, enforcement of, 196
Renaissance, 180, 181, 182, 220–21
Renaissance painting, 182
Renan, Ernest, 14, 55–56, 66, 84, 246, 297, 299, 310, 319, 355, 365, 366
Representatives, political, 7
Republic, republicanism, 6, 9, 21–22, 26, 71–72; (as opposed to democracy) 97; 104, 111, 136–37, 142, 162, 175, 205–06, 248, 273, 309, 314, 321, 355
Republic, degeneration of, 115
Republic, French (Third), 157
Republican Party (U.S.), 103–04, 112 n, 306
“Republican virtues,” 155
Republicanism (in early U.S.), 286; (national socialist), 364, 368
Resistance (Catholic in Germany), 218–19
Resistance (civilian), 37, 127, 169–70, 176–77, 353
Responsibility, 110–11, 158
Restoration, monarchical, 206, 354–55
Retrogression of faith, 180
Reuchlin, Johann, 182
Reventlow, Count E., 265, 266, 364, 365
Revolution, 73, 80
Revolution, liberal, 90
Revolutionism, National Socialist, 266, 268
Reynold, Gonzague Comte de, 26, 131–32, 150, 286, 290, 292, 312
Rhineland, 242
Ribbe, Charles de, 293
Richard II, King of England, 212
Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal, 161, 354
Rieger, Francis Ladislas von, 251
Riehl, Dr. Walter, 256, 361–62
Rienzi, see van Kol
Rigorism, Protestant, 180, 182
Rittler, Theodor, 334
Rivarol, Antoine de, 150
Roberts, Kenneth and Anna M., 313
Robespierre, Maximilien de, 50, 90, 161, 187, 258
Robinson, E. A., 86, 304
Rochambeau, J. B. D. Comte de, 9
Rodocanacchi, Emmanuel, 350
Roffens, Johann, 345
Rolland, Romain, 336
Romains, Jules, 289, 364
Rome, 71, 91, 162, 163, 272, 337
Romier, Lucien, 82, 295, 297
Roosevelt, Elliot, 345
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 103, 159, 188, 309, 310, 324
Roosevelt, Theodore, 138, 159, 334
Röpke, Wilhelm, 288, 293, 294, 296, 341, 351, 355, 360
Rose, J. Holland, 61, 297, 298, 323
Rosenberg, Alfred, 229, 351, 366
Rosenberg, Arthur, 319
Rössel, Virgile, 84, 304
Roth, Cecil, 350
Rougemont, Denis de, 26–27, 265, 288, 294, 295, 320, 364
Rougier, Louis, 290, 298, 304, 313, 340
Rousseau, J. J., 6, 51, 92, 94, 106, 187, 203, 233, 258, 276, 304–05, 322, 353
Rousseauism, 168
Rousset, David, 271
Royalism, 143, 152, 344
Royalism, intellectual implications, 287
Royer-Collard, Pierre Paul, 14, 52, 171, 296, 327, 340
Rozanov, Vassili, 68, 300
Roždalowsky, Wenzel von, 214–15
Rubinstein, Anton, 32
Ruggiero, Guido de, 288, 311
Rühel, Johann, 349
Rüstow, Alexander, 307
Rulers (as opposed to leaders), 71, 124, 142
“Rum, Romanism and Rebellion,” 183
Rush, Benjamin, 63–64, 286
Ruskin, John, 182
Russell, Bertrand, 307
Russia (U.S.S.R.), Russians, 51, 55, 56, 72–79, 81–82, 90, 109, 124, 128, 148, 157, 191, 206, 268, 271, 301, 302, 303, 344, 365–66
Russian Revolution, 243
“Russianism,” 318
Russo-German collaboration, 266
Rusticucci, Luigi, 342
Ruthenians (in Austria-Hungary), 314
Rutze, Nicholas, 213
Ryan-Boland thesis, 338
S
S.D.P., see Sudeten German Party
Saaz (Zatec), 212, 255
Sacco and Vanzetti, 202
Sade, Donatien A. F. “Marquis de,” 18, 63, 69, 288, 298, 300, 328
Sagan, Ludwig von, 346
Sagnac, Philippe, 322
Saint-Aulaire, Comte de, 320, 362
Saint-Just, A. L. L. de R. de, 50
Saint-Priest, Comte F. E. Guignard de, 368
Saints, 156
Salazar, Antonio Oliveira, 317, 332
Saldana, Quintiliano, 311
Saltykov-Shtshedrin, Michael E., 336
Salvation by faith, 226
Salvation of heretics, 196–98
Salvation of non-Christians, 183, 195–96, 197, 338
Salzburg, 259, 260, 270
Sanctis, Gino de, 357
Sands, W. F., 340
Sangnier, Marc, 327
Sansa, Giorgio, 335
Santayana, George, 287, 290
Santo Domingo, Republic of, 104
Sartre, Jean Paul, 340
Satan, 223
Savonarola, Fra Girolamo, 355
Saxony, 217, 261
Scandinavia, 191, 231
Schauenburg, Hermann, 304
Scheler, Max, 307, 351
Schérer, Edmond (sénateur), 84, 85, 298, 304, 308, 310
Schiller, Friedrich von, 232, 309
Schilling-Schlettere, Alexander, 361
Schleicher, General Kurt von, 63
Schleiermacher, Friedrich D. E., 340
Schmidt, Carl, 347
Schmidt, Guido, 364
Schmidt, Wilhelm (S.V.D.), 314
Schmitt-Dorotic, Carl, 288, 305
Schneefuss, Walter, 362
Schneider, Reinhold, 315, 317, 322
Schöffler, Herbert, 350
Scholasticism (late forms), 230, 326
Scholz, Richard, 345
Schönemann, Friedrich, 356
Schönerer, Georg Ritter von, 211, 253, 254, 258, 360
Schrank, J., 334
Schröteler, J., 329
Schuetz, Alfred, 316
Schulz-Group in Austria (Nazi), 361
Schumpeter, Joseph A., 290, 319, 324
Schwarz, S. N., 365
Schwarzbard, assassin of Petlyura, 334
Schwarzschild, Leopold, 355
Schwob, René, 39, 110, 308
Scita and scienda, 278
Scoraille, R. de (S.J.), 137
Scotland, 179
Sebastian, King of Portugal, 142, 316
Secrétain, Roger, 293
Sectarian liberalism (liberals), 4, 118, 237
Secularization, 235
Sedgwick, Arthur G., 323
Segesser, A. P. von, 273, 367
Seifert, J. L., 297, 314, 358, 359
Seipel, Monsignor Ignaz, 221
Selchow, Bogislaw von, 249
Self expression, 89
Self government (self rule), 91, 100, 108, 142, 307
Self worship, 141
Sell, Karl, 332
Sementowski-Kurilo, Nikolai, 322
Semitic race, 55
Senate (U.S.), 97
Seneca, 110, 324
Senior, N. W., 75, 288, 301
Serbia, 316
Serfdom (modern slavery), 67, 68
Servants, impertinence of, 223
Servants and masters, 331
Servière, Joseph (S.J.), 168, 325
Sex act, 182 n
Sexuality, 330
Sforza, Count Carlo, 194, 336
Shōgunate, 139
Sieber, Sylvester A., 314
Siegfried, André, 330
Sillon-letter, 173–74
Silva, Pietro, 324
Simmel, Georg, 293, 316, 324
Sin, 312
Skull and crossbones, 185
Slavery, 140, 245
Slaviček, Karel, 360
Slavs, 55–56, 74, 78, 248–49
Sleswig-Holstein, 261
Smith, Adam, 5, 203
Smith, Howard K., 348
Social Democrats, Austrian and German, 98, 131, 157, 211, 236, 244, 253, 256, 262, 360, 362
Social Democrats, Czech, 252, 269, 359
Social Democrats, Danish, 266–67
“Social engineering,” 91, 123
Social pressure, 122
Social pyramid, appeals to parts of, 103
Socialism, 5, 9, 22, 27, 74, 103, 104, 250, 252, 253; (in Third Reich) 301
Socialism, national, see National Socialism (movement and party)
Socialism, Czech (Czech Socialist Workers’ Party), 209–11, 253, 270
Socialists, Belgian, 267
Socialists, French, 266–67
Society, 39–40, 93, 95–96, 99, 155, 313
Society, Catholic, 236
Society, free, 125, 205
Society, Protestant, 237
Society, totalitarian, 199
Socrates, 162, 196
Soglow, cartoonist, 148
Sokol organization, 251
Soldier, 60
Solferino, battle of, 153
Solovyov, Vladimir, 68, 139, 146, 300, 315
Sombart, Werner, 155, 234, 297, 302, 321
Sonino, Baron Sidney, 111, 351
Sonntag, W. H. von, 352
Sorel, Georges, 50, 59, 211, 296, 297
Sorokin, Pitirim, 155, 285, 298, 313, 319, 320
Sós, Endre, 312
Souls, hierarchy of, 184–85
South America, 345
“Southern Bourbons,” 103
Southey, Robert, 4
Soviet zone in Germany, 217
Spain, Spaniards, 36, 72, 75, 90, 191–92, 195, 198, 201, 206, 207; (elections in 1946) 326; 337, 341–42, 345
Spalatin, George Burkhardt, 215, 349
Spanish Empire, 128
Spanish Revolution, 243
Sparks, Jared, 27, 314
Spencer, Herbert, 14, 51, 296
Spengler, Oswald, 49, 84, 271, 366
Sperry, W. L., 318–19
Spinoza, Baruch (Benedictus de), 64, 106, 138, 227, 299, 306, 350
Sport, national socialist, 349
Sportpalast, 248
Srbik, Heinrich Ritter von, 360
St. Aulaire, see Saint-Aulaire
St. Edmund’s Hall, 212
St. Laurent, Louis Étienne, 104
St. Peter’s in Rome, 185
Staël, Madame de, 230, 312
Stahl, Friedrich J., 168, 305, 326
“Stahlhelm” (national conservative organization), 263
Stalin, Joseph D. (Y.), 5, 9, 148, 287, 345
Stambulov, Stefan N., 145
State, 48 (Lutheran concepts of) 49; (and Church) 186
State capitalism, see Socialism
State omnipotence (Metternich’s opinion), 291
“State prison,” 191
Statesmanship, 120, 161
Statesmen, great, 161
Statism (étatisme), 29–32, 63–64, 211, 321
Statistical optimism, 172
Stauffenberg, Count Klaus von, 328, 333
Stauning, Thorvald, 267
Staupitz, John, 215
Staynov, Petko, 288–89
Steed, Henry Wickham, 360
Steiger, Baron Alfred, 264
Stein, Franko, 254, 361
Stein, Heinrich Baron vom, 278
Stein, Lorenz von, 322, 323, 324
Steiner, Johann, 36
Steckel, Wilhelm, 315
Stephen, St., King of Hungary, 316
Stern, James, 355
Stern, Judas M., 334
Stern, Karl, 368
Sterne, Laurence, 59
Stettinius, Edward, U.S. Secretary of State, 310
Steuben, F. W. Baron von, 9, 317
Stifter, Adalbert, 289
Stillwell, Joseph, General, 309
Stirk, S. D., 347
Stolper, Gustav, 356, 366
Stone, Geoffrey, 335
Strahl, R., 364
Strauss, David, 55–56
Streicher, Julius, 219, 228, 259, 363
Stříbrný, Jiřy co-founder of National Socialist Party, 252
Strohm, Gustav, 312
Stryienski, Casimir, 308
Studnicki, S. M., 320
Stürgkh, Count Maximilian, 191
Sturzo, Don Luigi, 86, 133
Suárez, Francisco (S.J.), 167–68, 171, 174; (Bellarmine-Suárez thesis) 327; 328, 331, 338, 339
Subject (according to Spinoza), 106
Subjectivism (Protestant), 188
Sudeten German Party (S.D.P.), 254, 260
Sudeten Germans, 27, 131, 253, 258, 270, 359
Sumner, William Graham, 105, 309, 323
Super-Church, 252
Superiority, intellectual, 328
Superman, 138, 315
Supreme Court (U.S.), 103
Supreme Court, suggested form, 277
Sutherland, Halliday, 329
Sweden, 159, 351
“Swinish multitudes,” 317
Switzerland (Swiss Confederacy), 117, 142, 179, 187, 201, 205, 329, 331, 336
Syllabus (of 1869), 107
Szekfü, Julius, 317
T
Tábor, 213
Taborites (Taboritism), 209, 213, 216, 250, 252, 357, 358, 359
Tacitus, 316
Taft, Howard, President of the U.S., 159
Taft, Robert A., Senator, 159
Taine, Hyppolite, 60, 251, 298
Talleyrand, Charles Maurice, Prince de Périgord, 278
Tannenbaum, Frank, 337
Tanner, Väinö, 267
Tanquerey, A., 331
Taparelli, Luigi (S.J.), 328
Tarquinius Superbus, 272
Tawney, R. H., 179, 234
Taylor, E. A., 303
Taylor, Henry Osborn, 304
Taylor, John, 286
Taylor, Kressmann, 248
Ten Commandments, 85
Tenure, security of, 130
Ternus, J., 329
Terribles simplificateurs, 53, 308
Terror, 366
Teutonic Knights, 271
Thanatocentrism, 185, 332
Theology, Catholic, 183, 195, 197–98, 221
Theology, Calvinist, 241
Theology, Lutheran, 241
Theology, Protestant, 183
Theories, 340
Thibon, Gustave, 285, 332, 367
Thiess, Frank, 289, 293
Thinkers, continental European, 126
Third Empire (Reich), 213
Thirty-Nine Articles, 196
Thomas Aquinas, St., on forms of government, 6, 9, 13, 91–93, 95, 115, 134, 155, 160, 165–66, 168, 184; (on trading) 186; 189, 196, 197, 305, 309, 310, 312, 315, 326, 328, 329, 330, 333, 339, 343
Thomas More, St., 182
Thomas, A. L., 313
Thomism, 1, 2, 164–67, 325, 344
Thompson, Dorothy, 293
Thuringia, 217, 261
Thurn, Count Mathias, 251
Ticknor, George, 74, 121, 204–05, 285, 301, 311, 337, 346
Tillich, Paul, 351
Time lag, 83, 303
Tindale, William, see Tyndale
Tito (Josip Broz), 146, 161
Titz, Karel, 359
Tocqueville, Alexis Comte de, 14, 20, 25, 27–32, 40, 41, 51, 57, 66–67, 69, 75–76, 77, 78, 82, 101, 288; (personal convictions of) 290–91; (aristocracy and liberty) 290–91, 292, 293, 297, 298, 300, 301, 302, 303, 316, 322, 327, 331
Toleration, 285; (Protestant) 334
Tonner, co-founder of Sokols, 251
Torquemada, Thomas, 339
Toryism, 81
Totalitarianism, 10, 18, 23–24, 29–31, 98, 200, 203
Tóth-Szabó, Paul, 359
Town meetings (in New England), 94
Toynbee, Arnold J., 63, 298, 320, 341
Traffic lights, 337
Transcendentalism, 233
Transubstantiation, 212
Trautenau (Trutnov), 255, 270
Traz-os-Montez, 186
Treblinka, 107
Treitschke, Heinrich von, 211, 222, 249, 286, 304, 308, 321, 323, 336, 349
Trial and error, method of, 121
Tribalism, 239, 326
Troeltsch, Ernst, 67, 70, 179, 234, 299, 300, 330, 331, 348, 352, 353
Trotter, Wilfrid, 287, 294, 317, 324
Trotzki, Leon, 287, 340
Trubetzkoy, Evgeny, Prince, 342
Trubetzkoy, Nikolay, Prince, 297
Trujillo, R. L., 104
Truman, Harry S., 104
Truth, 127; (human attainability) 189
Tufts, James, 193
Tunstall, Cuthbert, Bishop, 217
Turkey, 76
Turnov, Peter, 213
Tusar, V., Czech politician, 258
Twain, Mark, 148
Twentieth century, 83
“Twentieth-Century Americanism,” 123
Two-party system, 97–98, 103–04, 198
Tyndale, William (Tindale), 217, 349
Tyrannicide, 190–91, 333, 334
Tyranny (despotism), 12–13, 24, 28–35, 42–67, 74, 79, 83–84, 122, 143–49, 187, 223, 367
Tyranny, origin of, 125
Tyrol, 337
Tyrone, 96
Tyrš, Miroslav, 209–11, 251–52, 359
U
Ulster, 96
Unamuno, Miguel de, 166, 191, 300, 307, 319, 334, 342
Unanimity, 88, 94–95, 171
“Uncle Sam,” 148
Unconditional surrender, 153
Uniformity, see Identity
Union of Socialist Soviet Republics (U.S.S.R.), see Russia
Unitarianism, 233
United Nations, 221
United States (of America), 22, 27, 28–32, 36, 38, 58, 59, 62, 73, 76, 77, 78, 81, 97, 98–99, 102–04, 106, 123, 128, 148, 149, 158, 159, 162, 164, 172, 186, 187, 193, 203, 205, 206, 240, 241, 243, 244, 248, 272–74, 284, 299, 300, 302, 303, 306, 312, 315, 331, 335, 336, 340, 344, 351
United States army, 194
United States, conservatism of the, 136–37
United States Constitution, 104, 273, 306, 316–17
United States, discipline in, 193
United States, government of the, 40
United States, Southern, 37
“Unknown soldier,” 238
Untersberg, 141
Upper classes, 62–63; (German) 262–63
Upper Franconia (Oberfranken), 218
Urban II, Pope, 339
Urbánek, Rudolf, 359
Utilitarianism, 15, 91, 118
Utraquism, Utraquists, 214, 216
V
Valdecasas, Alfonso Garcia, 345
Valensin, A., 310
Valera, Jean de, 79, 303
Valéry, Paul, 337
Valle-Inclán, Ramón de, 191, 334
Valois, Georges, 315
Van Buren, Martin, 8, 286
Van Kol, H. (Rienzi), 46, 294
Vance, Ethel, 248
Vandenberg, Senator Arthur H., 286, 290
Vargas, Getulio, 317–18
Variety, 16
Varmia (Ermeland), 218, 261
Vaughan, James N., 338
Vauvenargues, Luc de Clapiers, 207–08
Venice, 128
Venizelos, Eleutheros, 145
Venus, 182
Vernunft and Verstand, 116
Versailles (court and palace), 59, 157
Vespasian, 163
Veuillot, Louis, 41, 355–56
Vico, Giambattista, 314
Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, 153
Vienna, 131, 254, 256, 259, 260; (Protestants of) 330
Vienna, Congress of, 278
Vienna, University of, 157
Viereck, Peter, 265, 296, 298, 321, 354, 359, 364, 365
Vietz, Karl, 362
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 4
Vinet, Alexandre, 54, 150, 295, 296, 305, 312
Vinson, Frederic M., Chief Justice, 368
Violence in Catholic countries, 191
Vitoria, Franciscus de, 343
Vogel, Ludwig, 254
Vögelin, F. S., 288
Vogelsang, Erich, 350
Volk, 265
Volstead Act, see Prohibition
Voltaire (F. M. Arouet), 90, 276, 367
Vote, intensity of, 108
Voter, importance of, 107
Voting, process of, 106–08, 110–11
W
Wagner, Richard, 232
Wahl, Jean, 114
Wahle, R., 140
Waldo, Peter, 212
Wall, Bernard, 289
Wallas, Graham, 293, 308
Walsh, Robert, 314
Walsh, William Thomas, 314
Walther, Daniel, 314
War between the States, 201
War criminals, 154
War Department, U.S. (publication of), 280
War, general, 59–61, 153
War propaganda (in U.S.), 247–48
War, total, 121, 153, 320–21
Warsaw, 127
Washington, D.C., 8
Washington, George, 62, 201
Watkin, E. I., 182, 309, 311, 328, 330, 338
Waugh, Evelyn, 318, 332
Weaver, Richard M., 331
Weber, Max, 46, 47, 68, 72, 73, 179, 234, 289, 294, 300, 302, 324
Webster, Nesta H., 323
Weckbecker, Hugo Freiherr von, 337–38
Wecter, Dixon, 297
Weil, Simone, 321
Weimar (city), 220
Weimar Constitution, 102, 308
Weimar Republic, 50, 90, 101, 200–01
Weiss, Albert Maria, 346
Wells, H. G., 84, 85, 109, 278, 304, 308, 314
Wends, according to Luther, 227
Wenzeslaus, St., 251
Werfel, Franz, 338
Wesel, Johann, 213
Whalen, Doran, 289
Wheeler-Bennett, John W., 355
Whiggery, Whiggism, 9, 81
White, Elizabeth B., 322
White Mountain, battle of the, 251
Whitman, Walt, 40, 312
Wiechert, Ernst, 329
Wiedemann, Captain, 362
Wiemann, Henry N., 340
Wiener, Peter, 219, 348
Wiercinski, Félix (S.J.), 299
Wiese, Leopold von, 297
Wiggam, A. E., 320
Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands, 149, 153
William I, German Emperor, 323
William II, German Emperor, 82, 155, 157, 300, 363
Williams, Reverend G., 300
Willkie, Wendell, 103
Wilson, Edmund, 354
Wilson, Woodrow, 47, 55, 59, 111, 244, 257, 293, 351, 355
Winnig, August, 360
Winstanley, Gerrard, 21, 288
Winter, E. K., 314
Winter, Eduard, 359
Wintzingerode, Ferdinand Baron, 153
Wirth, A., 302
Wiskemann, Elizabeth, 362, 366, 368
Wiskott, Wilhelm, 353
Witt, Cornélis de, 298
Wittelsbach, Dynasty, 218
Wittenberg, 214
Wittich, Werner, 330
Wolf, Hermann, 359
Wolff, Hans J., 352
Wood, Grant, 182–83
Wood, James N., 291, 293, 294
Woodlock, Thomas, 318
Woodruff, Douglas, 313, 345
Woods, F. A., 320
Woodward, E. L., 336
Worker, workers, 83–84
World War I, 154, 195, 245, 293, 300, 301, 314
World War II, 59, 301
Worms, 213
Wright, Frances, 64
Wulf, Maurice de, 343
Wycliffe, John, 212–13, 216, 250, 345, 346
X
Xenophobia of the masses, 296, 345
Ximénez Caballero, Ernesto, 342
Y
Young Czech Movement, 251
Young, George, 316
Yugoslavia, 161, 271
Z
Zangara, Joseph, 334
Zechmeister, August, 338
Zeller, Eduard, 338
Zetter, J. T. M., 349
Zita, Empress of Austria, 318
Žižka, John, 250, 251, 258, 357, 358, 359
Zog I, King of Albania (Ahmed Zogu), 147
Zola, Emile, 297
Zoological wars, 55
Zumalacárregui, Tomás, General, 341
Zweig, F., 332
Zweig, Stefan, 332
Zwettl, 258
