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Copyright, 1892,
By D. APPLETON AND COMPANY.
Printed at the Appleton Press, U. S. A.
Preface To Vol. II
Now that, by this issue of Parts V and VI, along with Part IV previously published, I have succeeded in completing the second volume of The Principles of Ethics, which some years since I despaired of doing, my satisfaction is dashed by the thought that these new parts are less definite in their conclusions than I, had hoped to make them. Complete definiteness was of course not to be expected.
Preface to Part IV: When First Issued Seperately
WHEN FIRST ISSUED SEPARATELY.
In the Preface to The Data of Ethics, published in June, 1879, there occurred the sentence:—“Hints, repeated of late years with increasing frequency and distinctness, have shown me that health may permanently fail, even if life does not end, before I reached the last part of the task I have marked out for myself.” There followed the statement that since “this last part of the task”—the affiliation of Ethics on the doctrine of Evolution—was that “to which I regard all the preceding parts as subsidiary,” I did not l
Table of Contents
Preface To Vol. II
Preface to Part IV: When First Issued Seperately
Part IV: Justice
Chapter I: Animal-Ethics
Chapter II: Sub-Human Justice
Chapter III: Human Justice
Chapter IV: The Sentiment of Justice
Chapter V: The Idea of Justice
Chapter VI: The Formula of Justice
Chapter VII: The Authority of This Formula
Chapter VIII: Its Corollaries
Chapter IX: The Right To Physical Integrity
Chapter X: The Rights To Free Motion And Locomotion
Part IV: Justice
Chapter I: Animal-Ethics
CHAPTER I.
ANIMAL-ETHICS
§ 246. Those who have not read the first division of this work will be surprised by the above title. But the chapters on “Conduct in General” and “The Evolution of Conduct,” will have made clear to those who have read them that something which may be regarded as animal-ethics is implied.
Chapter II: Sub-Human Justice
CHAPTER II.
SUB-HUMAN JUSTICE
§ 250. Of the two essential but opposed principles of action by pursuance of which each species is preserved, we are here concerned only with the second. Passing over the law of the family as composed of adults and young, we have now to consider exclusively the law of the species as composed of adults only.
Chapter III: Human Justice
CHAPTER III.
HUMAN JUSTICE
§ 257. The contents of the last chapter foreshadow the contents of this. As, from the evolution point of view, human life must be regarded as a further development of sub-human life, it follows that from this same point of view, human justice must be a further development of sub-human justice. For convenience the two are here separately treated, but they are essentially of the same nature, and form parts of a continuous whole.
Chapter IV: The Sentiment of Justice
CHAPTER IV.
THE SENTIMENT OF JUSTICE
§ 261. Acceptance of the doctrine of organic evolution determines certain ethical conceptions. The doctrine implies that the numerous organs in each of the innumerable species of animals, have been either directly or indirectly moulded into fitness for the requirements of life by constant converse with those requirements.
Chapter V: The Idea of Justice
CHAPTER V.
THE IDEA OF JUSTICE
§ 266. While describing the sentiment of justice the way has been prepared for describing the idea of justice. Though the two are intimately connected they may be clearly distinguished.
