The Misesian, vol. 2, no. 4, 2025

Our great Senior Fellow Alex Pollock has pointed out that the reason Napoleon created the Bank of France was to make sure there was a bank that would always lend him money. Napoleon, of course, needed immense amounts of money because the French state was almost constantly at war during his reign. Having a central bank at his fingertips made it a lot easier for Napoleon to wage his wars on the rest of Europe.

Napoleon was a pioneer when it came to understanding and augmenting state power. He created what is recognizable today as perhaps the first modern national security state, with an economy and political system devoted overwhelmingly to war.

The Bank of France was crucial to all of this. At the center of any militaristic state are the institutions necessary to fund the state and its wars. This is as true today as it was two centuries ago. The power to tax, spend, regulate, and inflate is inseparable from the power to make war. Indeed, it is essentially impossible to discuss wars and foreign policy without considering the state’s extraction of resources from the domestic population.

In this issue of The Misesian, we take a look at how states use their fiscal and financial powers to convert the productivity and resources of the private sector into warmaking power for the state’s elites.

The Misesian July August 2025 cover
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Joseph T. Salerno

Speaking at the recent Rothbard Graduate Seminar, Dr. Joseph Salerno traces Murray Rothbard‘s intellectual development while in the economics Ph.D. program at Columbia University. Rothbard was dissatisfied with the popular schools of thought until he discovered Austrian economics.