In Human Action , Mises had shown that economic analysis leads directly to laissez faire conclusions. He demonstrated that government intervention entails consequences that are unwanted even from the point of view of the champions of these interventions.
According to this theory, cooperation among any number of persons is more productive than the individual efforts of the same persons in isolation from one another.
Menger's was an analytical method that began with the smallest empirical phenomena and proceeded logically from there. He called this the "empirical method."
In the cold light of economic reasoning, we can see that the Marshall Plan was in essence a scheme for postponing the bankruptcy of socialism and the welfare state.