How Fiat Money Happens

Greg Mankiw on how fiat money evolves naturally from commodity money, from his widely popular MACROECONOMICS (5th ed., pp. 78-79): “The government might first get involved in the monetary system to help people reduce transaction costs. Using raw gold as money is costly because it takes time to verify the purity of gold and to measure the correct quantity. To reduce these costs, the government can mint gold coins of known purity and weight. The coins are easier to use than gold bullion because their values are widely recognized.

Why They Hate the Market

It is always the fashion among many intellectuals to blame society’s ills on the free market. One publication argued that the market is “The god That Sucked.” The course summaries in my university’s catalog, the themes of the lecture series, and the editorial content of the student newspapers suggest that many students and faculty would agree.

Wealthy Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

In one of its news dispatches following the trial, CNN declared that the Martha Stewart case was part of the government’s “crackdown on corporate corruption.” This is ridiculous, write William Anderson and Candice Jackson. Stewart was not a “corrupt” executive, nor did she break the law when she sold her shares of the temporarily doomed ImClone stock. No, Stewart apparently committed the “crime” of being wealthy and well-connected.