Profits in a Market Economy

When a firm’s revenue is greater than its costs, that firm earns a profit. When a firm’s costs are greater than its revenue, that firm suffers a loss. Fair enough. But what do profits and losses mean? Are they the product of blind chance? What useful information can possibly be contained in profits and losses? Contrary to public opinion, profits do not embody “exploitation” of laborers or customers. Profits embody information in the form of a lucrative reward for the entrepreneur or capitalist who is able to combine labor, capital goods, and other inputs in such a way as to produce an output that consumers value more highly than they value the inputs in another configuration.