The Fed and Comparative Institutional Analysis

Ken Rogoff is not too impressed with the Fed’s critics. Restricting the Fed’s activities, or “worse” — I guess he means scrapping the Fed altogether — is “nonsense,” and “to single out Fed governors for missing the coming catastrophe is ludicrous.” He concedes that the Fed made some egregious mistakes leading up to the financial crisis (he doesn’t see credit expansion per se as playing any role), but argues that no one else saw it coming either.

The Panic of 1837 and the Contraction of 1839-43

The standard interpretation of the Panic of 1837 and subsequent recession blamed state bank monetary inflation abetted by President Jackson’s removal of the federal deposits from the Bank of the United States. This interpretation was rooted in sound economic analysis by contemporary Jeffersonian and hard-money critics of Jackson such as Nathan Appleton (the Massachusetts’ conservative textile manufacturer and banker), Albert Gallatin (Jefferson’s treasury secretary and now a New York banker) and Condy Raguet (the Philadelphia political economist and free-trade leader).