Boundaries of Order
Index
A | B | C | D | E
F | G | H | I | J
K | L | M | N | O
P | Q | R | S | T
U | V | W
A
Abortion issue, 140, 154, 208–11
Adverse possession, 138
Alternative systems
banking, 16
buying/selling, 17
electric power, 14
health care, 15, 264
information, 16
investment practices, 16
law practice, 15
money systems, 17–18
politics, 18
publishing, 17
religious practices, 265
schools, 15, 264
Amish, 19, 152, 192
Animal rights, 135, 240–41
Ardrey, Robert, xiii, 33, 114–16, 116, 145, 265
Authority, xiii, 6, 8–13, 19, 22, 27–29, 45, 58, 66–68, 71–72, 85, 128–29, 171, 175, 181, 183, 185, 190–91, 203, 246, 249, 255, 278, 288, 295–96, 299–300, 319
centralized, 9, 28, 81–82, 128, 159, 166, 177, 199, 246, 261
equality of, 254–55
political systems interpreting their authority, 281–83
Autonomy, xi–xii, 8, 10–11, 20–21, 27, 66, 71, 80, 112, 134, 189–90, 226–27, 240, 250, 255, 259, 302, 310, 313–15
Autopoiesis, 66, 112
Axelrod, Robert, 155
B
Bannister, Roger, 101
Bentham, Jeremy, 143–44
Black markets, 63
Blake, William, 110
Bohr, Niels, 110
Boundaries, 70, 75, 89–124, 191, 197, 208, 212
artificial, 118
as information systems, 97, 112, 117, 122, 265, 302–03
boundary disputes, 106, 279–80
humor, 102
as images/symbols, 106–08, 247
in language, 205, 280–81
inviolability of, 109, 190, 197–98, 200, 202, 211, 232–33, 279, 292, 297
land at old common law, 163
multiple, 91–96
spatial separation, 7, 116–17
speech, 107
Bourne, Randolph, 183, 279
Branch Davidians, 297
Brown, Lester, 234
Burckhardt, Jacob, 62
Bureaucracy, 10
Burnham, James, 57, 128
Bush, George W., 22
Butler, Samuel, 240
C
Cannibalism, 7, 63
Cartels, 53, 63
Caspar, California, 19
Chaos and complexity, 11, 37–42, 45, 47–50, 57, 64, 67, 101, 233, 252, 279, 298, 304–05, 312, 323
and creativity, 64, 80, 252
attractors, 39, 74, 139
bifurcation, 25, 39, 64, 101, 305
“butterfly effect,” 40, 70, 240, 262
fractals, 39, 69, 167
iteration, 40, 47
prediction, difficulties in, 15, 34, 37, 40–41, 47, 64, 71, 84, 234, 235, 279–80, 312
randomness, 39
responses to, 80
sensitive dependence on initial conditions, 40, 234
turbulence, 25, 27, 39, 64, 79–80, 101, 252, 304–05
Charles V, 48
Chattels, 118–19
Children, behavior of, 149–50, 155–57, 179–80
Chodorov, Frank, 308
Civilizations
collapse of, 9, 36, 52–54, 61–64, 77, 80, 199, 212, 273–75, 308–09
Claim of ownership, 28, 125–60, 168–69, 208
abandonment, 138–39
absolute nature of, 169–73
how established, 139–45
social means, 145–54, 166, 174
legal definition, 139–40, 146, 168, 174
natural law, 30, 73, 133, 141–43, 145–46, 153
of children, 134
strength of, 265, see also Robert Ardrey
what may be claimed, 133, 165
Clastres, Pierre, 245
Collective identities, 103–05, See also Ego boundaries
Collective ownership, 6, 147, 171, 188, 219–20, 222, 226, 263–64, 278, 292–93
Collectivism, 9–12, 27, 81, 112, 128, 147, 162, 176, 179, 243–75
Commons, tragedy of, 77, 221–22, 226, 266
Communes, 6, 245
Communism, 127, 176
Community, 302
Community Supported Agriculture, 14
Complementarity principle, 110
Conflict and division, 9, 44, 57–58, 85, 92, 108, 131–32, 167, 175, 211, 224–26, 241–42, 280, 297, 310–11
when ownership divided from control, 167, 174, 321–22
Conscription, 287
Consensus-based decisionmaking, 19–20, 145–46, 291–92
Conservation programs, 55–56, 292–94
Contracts
as property claims, 135, 172–73, 197
as transfers of ownership claims, 93, 134–35, 137, 168, 197
Control of property, 27–28, 161–86, 208, 254–55, 263
exclusive nature of, 92, 126, 189
versus “title,” 168
Cooperation, 77, 152, 155–57, 188, 190–91, 244, 253, 259, 310, 316
Cooperatives, 6, 245
Copyrights and patents, 119, 164–65
Corporate-state, 128
cummings, e.e., 125, 258
Cutting-and-filling, 307–09
D
Dawkins, Richard, 258
Darwin, Charles, 318
Decentralization, 8, 10, 13–23, 23, 28, 66–67, 71, 80–82, 84, 99, 101, 109, 128, 145, 151–52, 159, 166, 169, 177, 191, 216, 264–65, 279, 284, 300–02, 313, 317
de Gaulle, Charles, 48
de Jasay, Anthony, 283–84
Descartes, Rene, 216
Determinism, 36
Discrimination, 205–06
Dissipative structures, 65, 217 see also chaos and complexity
Diversity, 76, 303, 315, 318
DNA, 209, 249, 256, 260
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 129–30, 186, 248
Dualistic thinking, 44, 48, 69, 96, 111, 124, 216, 256, 258, 270, 272, 278
Durant, Will and Ariel, ix, 62, 184(n.9), 320
E
Eastman, Max, 243
Ebadi, Shirin, 81
Economy, vibrancy of, 53–57
Egalitarianism, 252–57, 260–61
Ego-boundaries, 103–09, 132, 245–48, 261–62, 274, 279
Ehrenfeld, David, 35
Ehrlich, Paul, 234
Einstein, Albert, 37–38, 203
Ellul, Jacques, 301
Eminent domain, 5, 12, 27, 135, 167, 200, 223, 228, 267, 268, 280, 317
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 37, 69, 187, 201–02, 325
Enlightenment, the, 65
Entropy, 6–9, 11, 39, 54, 65, 76, 83, 101, 125, 131, 141, 164, 187, 217–18, 236, 238, 252, 305, 310, 312
Environmentalism, 46–47, 147, 215–42
global warming, 234–35
voluntary responses, 228, 237
Epictetus, 181
Equipartition of energy, 253
Escher, M.C., 102
Estates in land, 139
Exploitation, 76, 267–71
F
Fascism, 127
Feudalism, 127, 165,
Frankl, Viktor, 289–90, 298
Frontiers, 63, 98–101, 296, 306
G
“Gaia” hypothesis, 235–36
George, Henry, 78–79
Gibbon, Edward, 41
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 161
Gold mining camps, 95, 149, 194–95
Gould, Stephen Jay, 26
Government
intelligence agencies, 45
business promoted regulation, 53–58, 254, 278–79, 292–94,
increasing costs, 55–56,
producing greater concentration, 55,
as a “taking,” 168, 174, 200
takings, 27, 135, 168, 170, 174
world, 297
Grameen Bank, 16
Greece, 309
H
Hammurabi, 35
Hayek, F.A. von, 35, 40, 42, 72(n.21)
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 318
Heisenberg, Werner, 30, 44, 312
Heraclitus, 52
Hero of Alexandria, 309
Historic buildings preservation, 172
Hitler, Adolf, 128, 227
Hobbes, Thomas, 143, 273, 323
Hodgskin, Thomas, 144–45
Hoebel, E. Adamson, 153
Holistic model, 15, 19, 58, 96, 112
Holographic model, 67–75, 82–83, 86, 110, 145, 187, 238, 258–60, 271–72, 275, 284, 291–92, 314, 318–19
interconnectedness, 8, 20, 27 37–38, 48, 65, 67, 69, 71–72, 76, 148–49, 204, 238, 258, 314, 318–19
Horizontal systems, 8, 22, 27, 67, 71–72, 203, 259
Housman, A.E., 269
Humboldt, William von, 63
Hume, David, 36
Hurricane Katrina, 75
Hutton, James, 236
Huxley, Aldous, 240
Huxley, T.H., 236
I
Individualism, 112, 128, 190, 243–75, 321
Self-directed behavior, 85
Indra’s Net, 69, 178, 314
Industrial Revolution, 65, 188, 271, 309
Informal processes of order, 15, 19, 51, 66, 73–75, 80, 83, 91, 101, 146–50
Information systems, 16, 52, 97, 192–93, 266
Institutions, 10, 11, 63
need for stability, 51, 53, 56–57, 308
Instruments of expansion, 52, 54, 57, 257
Insurgency groups, 21, 64
Intangible property, 90, 119–22
Internet, 16, 17
It’s A Wonderful Life, 70
J
Jantsch, Erich, 80, 83–84
Johnson, Neil, 64
Judicial review, 58–59
Jung, Carl, 195
K
Kafka, 260
Kant, Immanuel, 189–90
Kaufmann, Walter, 181, 211
Keynesianism, 256
Korzybski, Alfred, 43, 98, 122, 282
Kropotkin, Peter, 77
Kuhn, Thomas, 25, 67, 305, 311–13
L
Lane, Rose Wilder, 179
Language, corruption of, 170, 204, 206, 280–81
LeFevre, Robert, xii–xiii
Legal positivism, 139, 141, 154, 193
Lenin, Vladimir, 291
Leon, Sy, 283
Leslie, T.E. Cliffe, 115–16
Liberty, xi, 9, 23, 27, 63, 128, 143, 148, 175, 182, 200, 206–07, 227, 249–50, 253, 255, 273–74, 290–91, 314, 316
and order, xi, 9, 29, 211–12, 297
Life processes, 11, 27, 51–52, 62–63, 69, 75, 77, 158, 226–27, 232, 235–36, 238–39, 242, 269, 271, 273–74, 280, 309–10, 317–18
spiritual dimensions, 8, 31, 157–59, 186, 232, 248–49, 289–90, 298–99
Linear and non-linear systems, 38–39, 47, 101, 234, 256, 303–07
Locke, John, 140–41, 143, 146–47, 162, 165, 277
Lorenz, Konrad, xiii, 114, 145
Lovelock, James, 235–36
Luddites, 188, 301
M
Maine, Henry, 129–30, 135, 140
Machlup, Fritz, 294
Malthus, Thomas, 234, 294
Management systems in business, 13–15, 177
Manners, 113, 203–05, 270
Mao Tse Tung, 46, 273
Marketplace, 10, 23, 48, 53–54, 58–59, 64, 73–75, 110, 148, 151–52, 159, 230–31, 233, 254, 259, 271, 298, 310, 316–17, 319
Marxism, 108, 127, 189, 250, 278
Marx, Karl, 143, 243, 250, 278, 318
Maslow, Abraham, 198–99
McLuhan, Marshall, 215, 233
Mechanistic model, 28, 34–36, 47, 65, 67, 181, 184, 186, 209–10, 251, 256, 298, 305, 307, 319
and reductionism, 34, 256
Militarism, 62
Mill, John Stuart, 143
Mining law, 95
Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de, 240
Moore, Howard, 288
Murchie, Guy, 236
N
Native Americans, 131, 140, 154, 226
Nazism, 154, 273
Negentropy, 6(n.1), 52–54, 76, 101, 123, 187
Networks, 8, 15, 21–22, 66–67, 71, 198
News reporting, 16–17
Newton, Isaac, 34, 36, 74, 83, 142, 305, 315, 319
Northern Ireland, 192
Nuisance, 173–74, 223, 277
O
Objectivism/subjectivism, 24, 30, 43, 84, 143, 218, 230, 266–68, 271
Oppenheimer, Franz, 317
Opposites, unity of apparent, 96, 109–11, 188, 191, 321
Orwell, George, 170, 240, 246, 281
“Owner” versus “manager” controlled business, 56–58, 176–77 see also Joseph Schumpeter
Ownership
biological basis, 145, 210
of air, 163–64
of government schools, 264
of self, 27–28, 85–86, 117–18, 129–31, 141, 157–58, 161, 166, 168–69, 182–83, 185, 202, 210, 212, 248, 284–85, 287
labor theory, 141, see also John Locke
legal definitions, 142, 144, 174, 209
philosophical meaning, 142–43, 157
private, 5, 12, 259
and responsibility, 177–82, 195, 203, 263–65
P
Paradigm changes, 24–26, 33, 36, 67, 69, 71, 229, 304–07, 312–13
Parasitism, 79
Perls, Fritz, 103, 106, 124, 280 see also ego boundaries
Piaget, Jean, 150
Planck, Max, 61
Plato, 9, 34, 312, 323
Pluralism, 84, 252, 315
Pointillism, 37–38, 258
“Political correctness,” 182, 204
Political systems
as organized trespasses, 208
defined by how property owned, 126
Pollan, Michael, 76
Pollution, 216–18, 220–21, 225, 237
Possession, 137
Prediction, difficulties in. See Chaos and complexity
Prigogine, Ilya, 65, 217
Property principle, 85–86, 169, 190, 217–19, 223, 226, 269, 320–22
as an absolute, 169–71, 175–76, 291
contrast between private- and state-owned, 266, 278
inviolability of, 70, 74, 82, 169, 211, 232
social concept, 85–86
within a species, 7 see also Robert Ardrey, Konrad Lorenz
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 128, 251, 254
Pynchon, Thomas, 133, 196
Pyramidal model, 9–10, 21–22, 34, 45, 66–68, 82, 144, 177, 243, 259, 312, 319
Q
Qualitative/quantitative analyses, 30–31, 255–56
Quantum mechanics, 36–37, 44, 50, 110, 318
probabilities, 37, 83
Quigley, Carroll, 52, 61
R
Renaissance, the, 65, 188, 309
Resiliency, 9, 13
Responsibility, 177–82, 195, 203, 212, 222, 263–66, 285–86, 288
RFID chips, 22
Riesman, David, 155, 247
Robinson Crusoe, 86
Roman Empire, 41, 53, 64, 80, 310
Rowling, J.K., 18
S
Sanctuary, 296–97
Saracens, 309
Scarcity, 292–96
Schiavo, Terry, 8
Schumpeter, Joseph, 56, 176–77
Scientific inquiry, 30, 34, 37–39, 45, 66, 235, 250, 257, 311, 313, 318 see also Thomas Kuhn
Secession, 13
Second law of thermodynamics, 34, 39, 65, 260–62 see also Entropy
Self-control, 285–88
Self-interest, 63, 66, 73, 75, 86, 155–57, 158–59, 190–91, 225, 231, 253, 258–59, 274–75, 297, 314
Self-organization, 66
and freedom, 84 see also Erich Jantsch
Seurat, Georges, 37–38, 258
Shapley, Harlow, 50
Shasta County, California, 193
Shasta Indian tribes, 121
Shaw, George Bernard, 251, 254
Sinnott, Edmund, 51–52
Size, dysfunctional nature, 10
Skinner, B.F., 256
Slavery, 129–30, 134, 140, 154, 285, 290 see also Dred Scott
Smoking, 206–07
Social contract, 26, 150, 270–71
Socialism, state, 127, 147, 158, 176
Socializing of costs (and “externalities”), 221–23, 225–26, 238
Social metaphysics, 29
Social norms as order, 151–52, 191–93, 202, 205, 270–71 see also Amish
Somalia, 20, 121
Soviet Union, 12, 46, 154, 273
Specialization, problems with, 76–77, 239
Spencer, Herbert, 318
Sphere model of social organization, 68 see also Pyramidal model
Spontaneous order, 27, 51, 65, 73–75, 83, 226, 313, 319
Spooner, Lysander, 16
Stability and change, 11, 25–26 40, 100, 307, 319–20
Standardization, 54, 58–59, 62, 72, 83, 152, 169, 250–51, 254, 256, 264, 277, 313–15
and collapse of civilizations, 62, 252 see also Carroll Quigley, Arnold Toynbee
State, 9, 10
coercive powers of, 23, 140–41, 150–51, 192, 195, 201, 278, 282–83, 317
economic planning, 23, 35, 42, 46–48
Stateless society, 128
Status as personhood defined by state, 209 see also Slavery
“Status to Contract,” 130 see also Henry Maine
Steinbeck, John, 81
Stengers, Isabelle, 65, 217
Subjectivism. See Objectivism/subjectivism
Suicide, 183–84
Sumner, William Graham, 1, 5, 82
Swift, Jonathan, 240
Symbiosis, 75–79, 271
T
Taoism, 111
Territoriality in animals and plants, 114, 116, 145 see also Robert Ardrey, Konrad Lorenz
“Terrorism,” 21–22, 46
Third law of motion, 315
Thirteenth Amendment, 285
Thomas, Lewis, 236
Thoreau, Henry David, 69
Thurber, James, 102
Title to property, 176
versus “control,” 127, 168, 170
Tolerance, 299
Torts, 197
Totalitarian behavior, 255
Toynbee, Arnold, 61–62, 83
Trespass, 7, 91–94, 106–07, 126, 173–74, 190, 195–97, 203–04, 206–07, 220–21, 282, 316, 321
Turnpike companies, 231
Twain, Mark, 229
U
Uncertainty principle, 44, 312 see also Werner Heisenberg
Unintended consequences, 71–72, 101, 210, 220, 238, 259, 299–300, 313, 319
Urban gangs, 13, 21, 132, 180
V
Valery, Paul, 215
Vertically-structured systems, 8–9, 45, 66–67, 71–72, 79, 198, 224, 300 see also Pyramidal model
Victimizing and victimless crimes, 5, 196, 205, 316
Vietnam War, 287
Virtual property, 119
Voltaire, 200
W
Wagon trains, 192–93
“War on terror,” 22, 62, 288
War systems, 21, 62, 64, 167, 199, 246, 279, 289
Wealth, creation of, 253–55
Weaver, Richard, 24
Welfare state, 127
Whitehead, Alfred North, 100
Wikipedia, 18
Wildlife in urban areas, 78
Wilson, Edward O., 114, 234
World Trade Center, 46
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 307
