America’s Money Machine

 

 

 

Index

Acheson, Dean, 191–92, 196, 198

Adams, Orval W., 207

Aldrich, Nelson W., 33–34, 36–41, 48, 56–58, 64, 73

Aldrich-Vreeland Act of 1908, 43–45, 48, 63, 68, 87, 89, 90, 119. See also Nelson W. Aldrich; E.B. Vreeland.

Aldrich, Winthrop W., 208

American Acceptance Council, 97

American Bankers Association, 37, 70, 71

American Economic Review, 120–21

American Federation of Labor, 129

American Political Science Academy, 210

Anderson, Benjamin M., Jr., 192

Andrew, A. Piatt, 68

Astor, John Jacob, 20

Babson, Roger, 159

Bagehot, Walter, 119

Ballantine, Arthur, 181

Bank Guaranty Act of 1908, 46

Bank of England, 128, 132, 161, 162, 245, 248

Banking Act of 1933, 186–89, 241

Banking Act of 1935, 198, 200–01, 205

Banknotes, 36–37, 43, 44, 54–55, 70, 96, 128

Barnes, Julius H., 165

Barney, C.T., 25

Barron, C.W., 143–44

Beach, Charles M., 23

Belair, Felix, Jr., 225

Belmont, August, 26

Bennett, E.G., 196

Binderup, Charles G., 210

Black, Eugene, 198

Borah-Glass National Bank Note Expansion Amendment, 169

Bourne, Jonathan, 62

Bretton Woods Conference, 227, 249

Bryan, William Jennings, xiv, 32, 37–38, 46, 63, 67–68, 69, 72, 74, 76, 98

“Bull Moose Party.” See Progressive Party.

Burdick, Usher L., 211

Bureau of Labor Statistics, 137

Byrd, Harry F., 210

Byrnes, James F., 182, 210, 218

Cannon, Joseph, 40, 42, 63

Carnegie, Andrew, 37

Carpenter, Sam, 224

Century Magazine, ix-x, xi, xv

Certificates of deposit, 48

Chicago Tribune, 111

China, 233

China Aid Act, 233

Churchill, Winston, 131, 172

Civil Works Administration, 198

Clark, Beauchamp, 63

Clearing house certificates, 29, 33–36, 89–90

Coinage, xi-xiv, 57, 180

gold, xii, xiv, 51, 66, 129, 193, 249, 251, 264

silver, xii, xiv, xv, 48, 51, 123, 133

Columbia Bank and Trust Company of Oklahoma City, 47

Commodity Credit Corporation, 197

Comptroller of the Currency, 44, 73, 82, 84, 90, 181, 218

Constitutional Money League, 211

Coolidge, Calvin, 131, 157

Cortelyou, George B., 26–27

Coughlin, Charles E., 211

Crash of 1929, 161–62, 179

Credit, 58–59, 96, 105, 112, 122, 125, 129, 134, 137, 139, 142, 144, 146, 148–49, 152–54, 189, 205, 207, 215, 217, 221, 226, 237

Currency, 36, 38, 40–42, 45, 48–49, 54, 59, 67, 69, 74–77, 84–85, 108, 128, 181, 228, 242, 264.

Currie, Lauchlin, 198

Davison, Henry P., 73

Dawes, Charles G., 131

Delano, Frederic O., 84, 93

Democratic Party, xiv, 46–47, 61, 63–64, 72, 73, 74, 168, 187

Depew Chauncey, 13

Dern, George, 196

Dingley Tariff of 1897, 73

Discount, 50, 55, 58, 103, 112, 120, 125, 218

Discount rates, 55, 110–15, 119–20, 121, 125, 138–39, 148, 161–62, 209, 218

Douglas, Lewis, 182, 198

Durant, William C., 158

Eccles, Marriner S., 195–226

Economic Cooperation Administration, 233

Economist, The (London), 17–18

Economists’ National Committee on Monetary Policy, 201

Eisenhower, Dwight, 225, 236

Emergency Banking Act, 181, 186, 190

Emergency Currency Act of May 30, 1908. See Aldrich-Vreeland Act.

Emergency Relief and Construction Act, 167

Employment Act of 1946, 220

England, 52, 60, 66, 88, 231, 252, 262

Eurodollar, 133

Evans, R.M., 224

Expanded Technical Assistance Program, 234

Federal Advisory Council, 99, 199

Federal Corporation Commission, 61

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 188, 196, 214, 218, 262

Federal Emergency Relief Administration, 197, 198

Federal Housing Administration, 220

Federal Reserve Act, xi, 44–45, 77, 87, 95, 96, 108, 110, 118–19, 142, 143–47, 149, 168, 186–89, 244

Federal Reserve Banks, 75, 84–86, 91–92, 97–98, 100–07, 110, 112–15, 117, 121–22, 132, 138–41, 144–48, 149, 151, 168, 182, 186, 189, 199–204, 206–07, 211, 213–17, 246

Federal Reserve System, xii, xv, 3, 43, 50–51, 56, 81–117, 118–28, 137–50, 169, 174, 185, 192, 199, 201–27, 231, 233, 236–42, 246–49, 252, 254–56, 260–62, 265

Fish, Hamilton, 26

Fish, Marian, 5–6, 8, 14, 18

Fish, Stuyvesant, 4–9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 22, 23, 26

Fisher, Irving, 159, 235

Fletcher, Duncan U., 187, 200

Florida land boom, 152

Ford, Henry, 165, 166

Fowler, Charles N., 37

France, 59, 130, 242–46

French Crédit Lyonnais, 59

Frick, Henry C., 26

Galbraith, John Kenneth, 111

Gardin, J. E., 97

Gary, Elbert H., 26

General Motors, 158, 165

Genoa Conference, 130–132, 133

German currency and banking system after War of 1870, 51–52

Germany, 51–52, 60, 88, 99, 128, 130–31, 154, 158, 212, 234, 242

Gifford, Walter, 165

Gilbert, S. Parker, 208

Glass, Carter, 68, 70, 72, 81, 98, 118, 169, 182, 186, 187–88, 199–202, 205, 207. See also Borah-Glass National Bank Expansion Amendment; Glass-Steagall Act; Owen-Glass Bill.

Glass-Steagall Act of 1932, 168

Goelet, Robert W., 20

Gold certificates, 27, 37, 53–54, 91, 100, 102, 206, 264

Gold Reserve Act of 1934, 192, 193, 217

Gold standard, 47, 51, 53–55, 59, 70, 71, 74, 75, 76, 101, 123, 128–29, 131–34, 144, 167, 170–71, 179, 181, 182, 190, 192, 228, 236–39, 246, 247–50, 252–54, 262. See also Gold Reserve Act of 1934.

Gold supply, 47, 49, 66, 88, 103, 124, 140, 147, 149, 150, 160, 212, 237, 248

Goldsborough Price Stabilization Bill, 169

Goldsborough, T. Alan, 189, 202

Gompers, Samuel, 129

Gore, Thomas P., 42

Government Bank, 49

Grace, E.G., 165

Great Crash of 1933, 47, 84

Great Northern, 11

Greek-Turkish Aid Program, 233

Green, William, 166

Hamilton, Alexander, xi, 81

Hamlin, Charles S., 83

Hanna, Marcus, 11

Harahan, J.T., 22, 23

Harding, W.P.G., 82, 110, 113, 116–17

Harriman, Edward H., 4–9, 10, 11, 12–15, 17–21, 23, 24, 26, 94

Harriman, Mary Averill, 6

Harrison, George, 181, 205

Hatry, Clarence, 160

Hearst, William Randolph, 166

Heinze, F. Augustus, 23–24

Henderson, Leon, 210

Henning, Arthur Sears, 111

Hepburn Act, 12

Hill, James S., 11

Hitchcock, Gilbert M., 73, 75

Hobart, Garret A., 11

Home Loan Bank Bill, 169

Home Owners Loan Corporation, 197

Hoover, Herbert, 161, 163–69, 183, 230

Hopkins, Harry, 196, 198, 210

Houston, David F., 81, 111

Ickes, Harold, 198

Illinois Central Railroad, 4–5, 7, 9, 14, 18, 22, 23

Income tax, xi, 32, 46, 64, 136

Index of wholesale prices, 112

Inflation, 108–10, 113, 127, 159, 189, 213, 257

Inheritance tax, 32

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 227, 229–30, 234

International Development Association, 234

International Finance Corporation, 234

Inheritance tax, 32

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 227, 229–30, 234

International Monetary Fund, 227–29, 234, 235, 237, 244, 245, 249–51, 264

Interstate Commerce Commission, 12, 15, 17, 19, 62

Isaac, William M., 262

Johnson, Hiram W., 63

Johnson, Lyndon, 226, 248

Jones, Jesse H., 191

Jones, Thomas C., 82, 83

Kahn, Otto, 20

Kellogg, Frank B., 17–18

Kemmerer, E.W., 133, 192, 201

Keynes, John Maynard, 136, 169–78, 195, 235, 253

Knickerbocker Trust Company, 25, 49

Kuhn, Loeb and Company, 7, 33, 48, 72, 94

“La Follette Filibuster,” 42

La Follette, Robert M., 38, 40, 42, 62–63, 166, 196

Livermore, Jesse, 161

Logan, M.M., 211

McAdoo, William Gibbs, 68, 72, 81, 82, 90, 91, 105

McCabe, Thomas A., 222–25

MacFadden Act, 153

McKellar, Kenneth, 187

McKinley, William, 10, 11, 26

Manhattan Supply Company, 157–58

Mann-Elkins Act, 62

Marshall, George C, 232–33

Marshall, John, xi Marshall Plan, 233, 242, 243

Martin, William McChesney, 225

Marx, Karl, ix, 10, 171–72

Mellon, Andrew, 81

Mercantile National, 24

Merchants Association of New York, 38

Miller, Adolph Caspar, 82, 83, 120, 124–25

Mills, Ogden, 181

Mitchell, Charles E., 160

Moley, Raymond, 183–84

Mommsen, Theodore, 247, 255

Money Supply, 36, 223, 261

Morgan, J.P., 11, 19, 21, 24–30, 32

Morgan, J.P., Jr., 88, 94, 161

Morgan, J.P. and Company, 7, 27–28, 82, 161, 208

Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 191–92, 198, 205, 209–10, 212, 214, 221

Multer, Abraham J., 245

National Bank Act, 45, 89, 102

National Currency Associations, 45

National Monetary Commission, 35, 44, 48, 51, 53–60, 61, 68–69

National Progressive Republican League. See Progressive Party.

National Recovery Administration, 180

National Reserve Association, 55–56

New Deal, 174, 178, 181, 184, 205, 207, 208

New York Central System, 13, 17

New York Clearing House Association, 89

New York Stock Exchange, 16, 20, 25, 28, 77, 88, 92, 135, 137, 140, 141, 152, 158–60, 225

New York Times, ix-x, xv, 5, 16, 17, 18, 20, 29, 31, 32, 36, 39, 41, 42, 47, 53, 64, 65, 67–68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 83, 94, 96, 157, 158–59, 166, 223, 225, 240, 248, 258

New York Tribune, 88, 92

New York World, 18, 21

Norris, George William, 196

Northern Securities Company, 11

Olney, Richard, 82

Open Market Committee, 189, 203, 208–09, 213, 216, 221, 224, 241, 265

Osborne, William Henry, 4

Owen-Glass Bill, 72, 75, 76

Owen, Robert Latham, 39, 68, 70, 74, 75, 76, 82, 84, 110, 116–17

Panic of 1907, 3, 14, 18–20, 22–30, 33, 45, 46, 50–54, 85, 107

Paper currency, xi-xiv, 37, 41, 43, 45, 48–49, 51, 55, 59–60, 69, 76, 94, 112, 115, 168, 182, 252

Patman, Wright, 241–42

Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act of 1909, 48, 62, 73

Pearson, Frank A., 183

Pennsylvania Railroad, 19

Perkins, George, 27

Political Science Quarterly, 119

Pound sterling, 52, 60, 91

Price regulation, 125

Progressive Party, ix, 62–63

Public Works Administration, 197

Pujo Committee, 64

Reading Company, 22

Real estate, 136, 138, 152, 153

Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 167–68, 181, 191

Rediscount rates, 110, 111–12, 114–15, 119, 139, 148–49, 162

Republican Party, ix, x, xv, 33, 61–62

Review of Reviews, 138

Reynolds, Arthur M., 71

Rockefeller, John D., Jr., 33

Roosevelt, Franklin D., x, 169, 174, 178, 179–84, 185–87, 190–94, 199, 205, 207–09, 212, 214, 218, 220, 230

Roosevelt, Theodore, ix-x, xi, xv, 3, 6, 8, 10–13, 15, 18–21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 41, 46, 61, 62–63

Root, Elihu, 75–76, 108–09, 112

Ruml, Beardsley, 210

Russia (tsarist), 66, 88

Ryan, Franklin W., 177

Ryan, Thomas F., 26

Satterlee, Herbert, 28

Schiff, Jacob, 20, 33, 72

Schoeck, Helmut, 230

Securities and Exchange Commission, 216, 257

Senate Banking and Currency Committee, 68, 70, 72, 75, 83, 186, 210

Senate Finance Committee, 33, 68

Sherman, James S., 13

Shuster, Morgan, 66

Silver certificates, xiv, 37

Silver standard, 51, 182

Sixteenth Amendment, 64

Sloan, Alfred P., Jr., 165

Smith, Adam, xiii, 173, 175, 252

Smoot, Reed, 40

Snyder, John, 223

Social Progress Trust Fund, 234

Solon, 180

South Manchurian Railroad, 8

Southern Pacific, 23

Soviet Russia, 130–212, 238

Speyer, James, 19

Sprague, Irving H, 263

Sprague, O.M.W., 201

Standard Oil, 19

Steagall, Henry, 187, 200. See also Glass-Steagall Act.

Stewart, John A., 26

Stillman, James A., 26

Supreme Court, xiii, 47, 62, 218, 264

Swope, Herbert Bayard, 183

Taft, William Howard, 46, 61–62, 63

Tariff, 46, 69. See also Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.

Taylor, Myron, 165

Teagle, Waller, 165

Thomas, Elmer, 182–83, 210

Thomas, R.H., 28

Thorne, Oakleigh, 27

Truman, Harry S., 220–222–24, 231, 233

Trust Company of America, 26–28, 49

Trust Company of the Republic, 18

Tugwell, Rexford, 196, 198

Underwood Tariff of 1913, 73

Union Pacific, 7–8, 11, 14, 17, 18, 20, 94

United Copper Company, 24

United Nations Organization, 227, 234

United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 231

United Nations Special Fund, 234

U. S. government bonds, 32, 33, 34, 38, 40, 43, 44, 48, 55, 69, 74, 76, 104, 106, 120, 121, 123, 145, 169, 181, 215, 221, 225

U. S. State Department, xv, 227

U. S. Steel Corporation, 11, 158, 162, 168

U. S. Treasury, xiii, xiv, xv, 26, 27, 33, 37, 44, 47, 49, 54, 56, 69, 74, 81, 82, 84, 89, 91, 98, 105, 106, 111, 117, 122–23, 181, 187, 193, 198, 206, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221–25, 227, 237–38, 244, 247, 249–51, 265

Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 20

Vanderlip, Frank A., 71, 72, 73, 74, 98

Vreeland, E.B., 40–41, 48–60. See also Aldrich-Vreeland Act.

Wagner, Robert F., 166

Wallace, Henry, 196

Warburg, James P., 192, 196, 201

Warburg, Paul Moritz, 33, 37, 48–51, 54, 72, 77, 82, 83, 84, 93–99, 101, 118, 119, 129

Warren, George F., 183, 190

Webster, Sidney, 21

Wheeler, Burton K., 182

Wheeler, Harry A., 82

White, Harry Dexter, 198

Williams, Aubrey W., 210

Williams, John Skelton, 82

Willis, H. Parker, 68, 118–20, 192, 201

Wilson, Woodrow, 63–65, 67–77, 82, 83–84, 98, 118, 127

World Monetary and Economic

Conference (London), 183

Young, Owen D., 138–42, 165, 201–02