Chapter 9 The Nature of Money

The Theory of Money and Credit1

1. The General Economic Conditions for the Use of Money

Where the free exchange of goods and services is unknown, money is not wanted.

Chapter 8 Profit and Loss

Planning for Freedom and Other Essays and Addresses1

“Profit and Loss”

Chapter 7 Economic Calculation

Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth1

2. The Nature of Economic Calculation

Every man who, in the course of economic life, takes a choice between the satisfaction of one need as against another, eo ipso makes a judgment of value.

Chapter 6 Emergence of Indirect Exchange

Human Action1

The Epistemological Import of Carl Menger’s Theory of the Origin of Money

Carl Menger has not only provided an irrefutable praxeological theory of the origin of money.

Chapter 5 Capitalism: The Market Economy

Interventionism: An Economic Analysis1

2. Capitalism or Market Economy

In the capitalistic economy the means of production are owned by individuals or associations of individuals, such as corporations.

Why They Keep Trade Deals Secret

Thousands of people recently demonstrated in Brussels against free trade deals negotiated by the EU. This happened just days before a meeting of EU trade ministers in Bratislava last month, which was considered the last push to salvage the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the EU and the United States. Not only is Europe divided on the deal, but the talks have been extremely secretive.

Many protestors were especially opposed to the secrecy surrounding the trade deals. 

Chapter 4 Society, Exchange, and the Division of Labor

Human Action1

1. Autistic Exchange and Interpersonal Exchange

Action always is essentially the exchange of one state of affairs for another state of affairs. If the action is performed by an individual without any reference to cooperation with other individuals, we may call it autistic exchange.

Chapter 3 Action in Time

Human Action1

1. The Temporal Character of Praxeology

The notion of change implies the notion of temporal sequence. A rigid, eternally immutable universe would be out of time, but it would be dead. The concepts of change and of time are inseparably linked together.