Footnote
Index
Index of Names
As an aid to identification, dates are supplied as available.
ANDERSEN, Hans Christian (1805-1875) 279
ARISTOPHANES (c. 450 B.C.?c. 380 B.C.) 55
BASTIAT, Fr?d?ric (1801-1850) 149
BENDIXEN, Friedrich (1864-1920) 47
BENTHAM, Jeremy (1748-1832) 209n.
BEVERIDGE, William (1879-1963) 115n.
Böhm-Bawerk, Eugen von (1851-1914) 61-62, 215
CASSELL, Gustav (1866-1945) 82n.
DOUGLAS, Major C. H. (1879-1952) 225
DOUGLASS, William (1691-1752) 136n.
FISHER, Irving (1867-1947) 67-68, 81, 90-98, 101, 107
GOSSEN, Hermann Heinrich (1810-1858) 60, 96n.
GRAHAM, Frank (1890-1949) 210n.
GREAVES, Bettina B. (1917- ) liii, 257n., 279
GREAVES, Percy L., Jr. (1906- ) xii-xiv, 3n., 279
GREGORY, Theodore E. (1890- ) 33n.
HABERLER, Gottfried von (1900- ) 86n.
HAHN, L. Albert (1889-1968) 121n.
HANSEN, Alvin H. (1887-1975) 217
HAYEK, Friedrich A. (1899- ) liii-liv, 275-279
HELFFERICH, Karl (1872-1924) 39
HERTZKA, Theodor (1854-1924) 54n.
HUME, David (1711-1776) 10
ILLIG, H. (early 20th century) 14n.
JEVONS, William Stanley (1835-1882) 60, 66n., 115n.
KEYNES, John Maynard (1883-1946) xxxv-xxxvi, 67, 107, 170, 217, 221
KNAPP, Georg Friedrich (1842-1926) 14n.
KONDRATIEFF, N.D. (1892- ) 132n.
LAW, JOHN (1671-1729) 225
LERNER, Abba P. (1903- ) 217
LOWE, Joseph (early 19th century) 66
MACHLUP, Fritz (1902- ) 73n.
MARX, Karl (1818-1883) xvii, 175-176, 217, 244
MENGER, Carl (1840-1921) xliv, 3n., 60, 86n., 275, 276, 278
MISES, Ludwig von (1881-1973) xi-xv, xxiii-lii, 5n., 9n., 14n., 18n., 24n., 28n., 46n., 48n., 60n., 66n., 73n., 78n., 86n., 104n., 111n., 116n., 121n., 124n., 125n., 135n., 148n., 209n., 265, 275-278 [p. 292]
MITCHELL, Wesley Clair (1874-1948) 115n.
MOORE, Henry L. (1869-1958) 115n.
OVERSTONE, Samuel Jones Loyd (1796-1883) 59, 112, 134, 135n., 146
PALMER, J. Horsely (1779-1858) 134n.
PONCE DE LEON, Juan (c. 1460-1521) 276
PROUDHON, Pierre Joseph (1809-1865) 149
RATHENAU, Walter (1867-1922) 41n.
RICARDO, David (1772-1823) xlvii, 23, 59, 72-73
R?PKE, Wilhelm (1899-1966) 132n.
SCHAEFER, Carl A. (early 20th century) 23n.
SCHUMPETER, Joseph A. (1883-1950) 121n.
SCROPE, George Julius Poulett (1797-1876) 66
SEIPEL, Ignaz (1876-1932) 9n.
SMITH, Adam (1723-1790) 10, 72, 136
SOLON (c. 638 B.C.-c. 559 B.C.) 216
SPENCER, Herbert (1820-1903) 165
SPIETHOFF, Arthur (1873-1938) xxxvi, 207n.
SUESS, Eduard (1831-1914) 82
THIERS, Louis Adolphe (1797-1877) 14
TOOKE, Thomas (1774-1858) 137
VAIHINGER, Hans (1852-1933) 84
WALRAS, Leon (18.34-1910) 60, 149
WHITE, Horace (1834-1916) 13-14
WICKSELL, Knut (1851-1926) 122, 125n., 149, 151
WIESER, Friedrich von (1851-1926) 54n. [p. 293]
Subject Index
AGRICULTURE, 117, 187, 193-195
?ANARCHY? of production, 175-176
AUSTRIA/Austria-Hungary, 9, 12, 26, 38, 75, 133-134, 146n., 158, 168n.
AUSTRIAN School of Economics, xliv, 60n., 278
See also: Circulation Credit (Monetary) Theory
AUTARKY (economic self-sufficiency), 195
?BALANCE of Payments? doctrine, 29-35, 50-55
BANKING policy and practice
Fractional reserves, xlvii
History of, 71-75, 131-138, 148-151, 157-162
?Needs of business? doctrine, 118-120, 136-138
See also: Free banking; Germany; Monetary reform; United States
BANKING School, theory of, 47, 49, 60, 75, 118-120, 137, 146
BIMETALLISM, 105, 158
BOURSE, 7n.
BUSINESS forecasting/speculation, 9-10, 163-166, 219-220, 232-233
CAPITALISTIC/market production, xxi-xxiii, 39, 175-180, 192-193, 223
CHARTISM, 24
CIRCULATION Credit (Monetary) Theory of the Trade Cycle, xxxiii-xxxv, 59, 115-117, 118-130, 134-142, 148-156, 167-171, 181-184, 207-209, 277
CLASSICAL economics/liberalism/value theory, 60
COMMITTEE for Economic Development, 231-233, 236-241
COMMODITY money, 71n.
CONSUMERS, role of, 176-177
CREDIT, commodity vs. circulation, xxxvii, 119-120, 217-219
CREDIT expansion
Course of business cycle, xxxiii-xxxv, xxxviii-xli, 95-98, 120-130, 134, 142-143, 181-183, 219-226, 243-250, 271-272
Creditor-debtor relations, 99-103, 271-272
Crisis, xxxv-xxxvi, 128-130, 133n., 175-203, 222, 225-226, 272-273
Demand for, xxxiii-xxxiv, xliii-xliv, 136-138, 140-143, 148-151, 207-212, 229-241
Interest rates and, 122-124, 157-162, 219-226
See also: Circulation Credit (Monetary) Theory; Currency School; Malinvestment
CREDIT money, 91
CURRENCY School, 29-30, 54, 59, 75, 111-113, 115-116, 123, 136-138, 140, 144-145, 149-150, 167-168, 212-213
DEFICIT financing, 40-43, 103n., 238-241, 258
DEFLATIONISM, xxxiii, xli, 34, 133
?EASY money,? 156, 209, 217-219, 220-224
ECONOMIC depression/crisis. See: Credit expansion
ECONOMIC ?measurement.? See : Index numbers; Statistical studies
ECONOMIC thought, history of, 59-62
See also: Banking School; Circulation [p. 294] Credit (Monetary) Theory; Currency School; Quantity Theory
EMPIRICISM, 60n.
ENGLAND, monetary policy and
Peers Bank Act, 38, 44, 61, 76-77, 78, 112n., 140-141, 144, 150, 168
ENTREPRENEUR, role of, 177-180, 197, 223
?EQUILIBRIUM,? xlix, 124n., 125n.
EVENLY rotating economy, xlix, 124n., 125n.
FAILURE monopoly, 130n.
FEDERAL Reserve System. See: United States
FIDUCIARY media, defined, 71n., 118-122
FINAL state of rest, xlix, 28n., 124n.
FLEXIBLE standard, 73n.
See also: Gold exchange standard
FLIGHT to real values. See: Inflation
?FORCED savings,? 121, 126-127, 143, 145
FOREIGN exchange speculation, 8, 12-14, 17-21, 27-28, 30-35, 38-41, 50-55
FRANCE, French Revolution and inflation, 14-15, 26, 133
FREE banking, xxxiv-xxxv, xlvii, 138-140, 145-146, 156, 167-169, 279
See also: Banking policy and practice; Monetary reform
GERMANY
Monetary and banking policy, xxv, 5-8, 12-13, 15, 17-20, 25-26, 3643, 44-47, 69, 75-77, 78, 89, 94, 133, 136-138, 158
Science and ideology, 52, 60-61, 85, 149
Treaty of Versailles and reparations, xxv-xxvi, 8n., 38-43
GOLD exchange (flexible) standard, 22-24, 45-46, 71-75, 73n., 79-80, 105-106, 259-261
GOLD outflow (capital flight), 29-30, 52-55
GOLD premium policy, 46, 158
GOLD standard, 22-24, 54-55, 69-70, 76-77, 78-82, 104-107, 170, 263, 279
GOLD supply/production, 23, 69-77, 82, 150, 197-199
GOVERNMENT intervention, xxi-xxiii, 48n., 191-192, 196-197, 266ff.
GRESHAM?S Law, 4, 29-30, 55, 105
HARVARD Three Market Barometer, xxxiv, 151-153
HISTORICISM, 60n.
HUNGARY, 11, 20
IDEOLOGY, influence of, 48-49, 136, 138-142, 146-147, 155-156, 196-197, 201-203
IMAGINARY construction, 83-86
INDEX numbers, xxviii-xxix, xxxi-xxxii, xlii-xliii, 65-68, 86-89, 90-98, 276-278
INDEX standard, 107
INFLATION, defined, xviii-xx, xxix-xxx, 5n., 258-260
INFLATION/inflationism
Arguments for, 36-43
Course of, xx-xxi, 5-16, 19-21, 50-51, 95-98, 132-134, 233-235, 247-250, 258-262
Crack-up boom/crisis/panic, 8-16
Creditor-debtor relations, xxvi-xxvii, 9-12, 99-103, 104
Disrupts business calculations, 8-10, 38
?Flight to real values,? 10-11, 13-14, 129, 183-184, 222
International trade and, 25-28, 29-35, 50-55, 97, 259-261
INSTITUTIONALISM, 60n.
INTEREST rates
Demand for lower rates, xxxiii-xxxiv, xxxvi-xxxvii, xl-xli, 136-138, 181-184, 215-217, 265-273
Effect of inflation on interest, 9-10, 269 [p. 295]
Effect of credit expansion on interest, 159-160, 209-212, 220-226
Influence of banks and government, 119-120, 152-154, 215-217, 220-226
Natural rate vs. money rate, 122-130, 135, 184, 185
Price premium, 93, 122-130, 269
Role of market interest rate, 219-220, 269
INTERNATIONAL cooperation, xxxiv-xxxv, 157-159, 170
INTERVENTIONISM, 48n.
See also: Government intervention
ITALY, 133
LABOR/wages/unemployment, xxxvi, xlvii-xlviii, 178-179, 186-191, 199-200, 210-211, 219-220, 266-268
LIBERAL/liberalism, 78n., 104
MALINVESTMENT, xx-xxi, xxxiv, xxxix-xli, 124-125, 159, 181-184, 200, 220-225, 247-250, 261-262, 271-273
MARKET economy, the hampered, 48n.
MARXIAN doctrines, xvii, 114, 175-176, 244
?MEASUREMENT.? See: Index numbers; Statistical studies
MERCANTILISM, 33n., 53
MONETARY manipulation?index / tabular / commodity / paper / standards, 65-68, 90-93, 99-103, 107, 157-162
MONETARY reform, xxix-xxx, 1, liii-liv, 17-21, 22-24, 25-28, 44-47, 4849, 155-156, 167-168, 201-203, 262-263, 272-273, 275-279
MONETARY Theory of the Trade Cycle, 59n.
See also: Circulation Credit Theory
MONETARY unit, purchasing power of, 5-8, 26-28, 30-35, 78-82, 83-86, 99-103, 120-122, 131-132
MONEY, demand for (cash holdings), 5-8, 10-12, 69-71, 131-132
MONEY in the broader, and narrower, senses, xlvi, 71n., 118, 151n.
?MONEY market,? 46-47, 157-162
See also: Interest rates
MONEY/money substitutes, xlvi-xlvii, 65, 70-71, 118-120, 254-255
MULTIPLE commodity standard, xlii, 66-67, 92-93, 276
NATURAL vs. money interest rates. See: Interest rates
?NEEDS of business,? xxxi, 118-120, 136-138, 142-143
See also: Banking policy and practice
NEUTRAL money, xlvi, 3n.
NOMINALISM, 60n.
OVERINVESTMENT fallacy, xxxiii-xxxiv, xxxix
PEEL?S Bank Act of 1844. See: England
POLAND, 20
POST Office Savings Institution (Austrian), 168n.
?PRICE level? fallacy, xliv-xlvi, 84, 168-169
See also: Index numbers
PRICE premium. See: Interest rates
PRICE supports/subsidies, 193-195
PRICES/pricing, xxi-xxiii, 99-103, 175-180, 219-220, 225, 253-254
PRODUCERS? policy, 178-180
PUMP-priming, 184, 211-212
PURCHASING power parity, 30-31, 50-51
QUANTITY Theory of Money, 7, 29, 65, 91, 149 [p. 296]
?RATIONALIZATION,? 179, 192-193
RE-DEFLATION, 209, 226
RICARDO effect, xlvii-xlviii
RUSSIA, 11, 146n.
SAVINGS, xxxii-xxxiii, 270
SEISACHTHEIA (debt-forgiveness), 104
?STABILIZATION? of prices, xxxi-xxxiii, 61, 90-98, 99-101, 111-112, 168-169, 193-196, 197-200, 236-238, 252-253, 265-268, 277
STABILIZATION crisis, 133, 235, 272-273
STATE Theory of Money, 14n., 66n., 78, 89
STATIONARY economy, 125n.
STATISTICAL studies, xxxiv, xlii, 83-89, 151-154, 163-166
See also: Index numbers
STATIST Theory, 49
See also: Government intervention
SUBJECTIVE value theory, xliv, 60n.
TABULAR standard. See: Multiple Commodity Standard
TAXATION, 37-43, 196-197
TERMINOLOGY, importance of, xlviii-l, xlii, 86n., 117n.
TRADE CYCLE theories, 59n., 113-117, 134-136, 229-230
See also: Circulation Credit (Monetary) Theory; Credit expansion
TRANSLATIONS, xi-xii, lii-liii
UNEMPLOYMENT, xliii-xliv, 186-193
See also: Labor
UNITED STATES
Agriculture, 117, 194
American Revolution, 13-14, 15, 26
Federal Reserve System, xxiv, xxx-xxxi, 80, 148n., 258-260, 271-273
Monetary policy, xxvi-xxviii, 120n., 140-141, 148, 168, 258-263
VALUE, 88n., 238-241
WEATHER theories of the trade cycle, 114-115