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This wall calendar chronicles important dates in the history of liberty, from the births of great economists and historians, to the deaths of dictators, to the advent of new technologies that have led to material progress. 2004 Freedom Calendar in Landscape * 2004 Freedom Calendar in Portrait |
JULY
- 1 1776- First vote on the Declaration of Independence
- 2 1776- Continental Congress votes for independence of the United Colonies from
- 3 1886- First "New York Tribune" printing using first commercial linotype machine
- 4 1776- Declaration of Independence approved.1841- Thomas Cook opens first travel agency
- 6 1938- Ludwig von Mises marries Margit Sereny in
- 7 1907- Robert A. Heinlein, libertarian science- fiction writer, born
- 8 1776- Liberty Bell rings in Philadelphia summoning citizens to the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence, by Colonel John Nixon
- 9 1776- Declaration of Independence read aloud to General Washington's troops in
- 10 1851-Economist Friedrich von Wieser born
- 11 1804-Aaron Burr- Alexander
- 121817-Henry David Thoreau, naturalist/ author /libertarian, born in
- 13 1863-New York City Draft Riots ensue, led by groups of men opposed to the First Conscription Act
- 14 1789-Storming of the Bastille
- 15 1815-Napoleon Bonaparte captured
- 16 1936-First X- ray photo of arterial circulation,
- 17 1954-Construction begins on
- 18 1940-First successful helicopter flight,
- 19 1814-Samuel Colt, inventor of colt revolver, born
- 20 1754-Antonie Louis Claude Destutt, Comte de Tracy, economist and political theorist, born. 1900- Gottfried von Haberler born
- 21 1831-Belgium gains independence from
- 22 1926-Friedrich von Wieser dies
- 24 1974-U. S. Supreme Court rules that President Richard Nixon must obey the subpoena to turn over Watergate tapes to the special investigation committee
- 25 1775-Maryland issues currency depicting George III trampling Magna Carta
- 26 1946-Mises begins lecturing as a Visiting Professor in
- 27 1940-Bugs Bunny makes his debut in the Warner Bros. cartoon "A Wild Hare"
- 28 1964-Mises is granted an Honorary Doctor of Political Science, by
- 29 1805-Alexis de Tocqueville, French chronicler of American life, born
- 30 1619-First Assembly meets at
- 31 1498-Christopher
AUGUST
- 1 1774- First meeting of the Virginia Convention
- 21940-Mises emigrates to the
- 3 1780-Étienne Bonnot, Abbé de Condillac, French liberal philosopher and libertarian pioneer, dies
- 4 1981-Economic Recovery Tax Act, first major program of Reagan administration- package of tax and budget cuts
- 5 1884-Statue of
- 6 1926-Warner Brothers premieres Vitaphone sound-on-disc movie system in
- 7 1794-Whisky Rebellion breaks out in
- 8 1786-Congress adopts definition of US dollar as 375.64 grains of fine silver.
- 9 1831-First steam engine train runs (
- 101833-Chicago incorporates as a village of about 200
- 11 1951-First color baseball game (Braves vs. Dodgers) telecast
- 12 1877-Thomas Alva
- 13 1422-William Caxton, first English printer, born
- 14 1765-"The happy day, on which
- 15 1902-Fritz Machlup, economist and Mises's colleague and friend, born
- 16 1777-Americans defeat British in Battle of Bennington, Vermont
- 17 1998-U. S. President Bill Clinton admits to having had inappropriate relations with ex-White House intern
- 18 1960-First photograph bounced off a satellite,
- 19 1841-John
- 20 1940-Leon Trotsky murdered in
- 21 1792-Resistance to the Excise Tax is documented in a series of resolutions drawn up by Albert Gallatin at a
- 22 1906-First Victor Victrola manufactured 1926- Gold is discovered in
- 23 1889-San Francisco, first ship- to- shore wireless message received in U. S.
- 24 1814-British forces set fire to White House and government buildings.1982- Ludwig von Mises Institute founded
- 25 1919-Commercial airpassenger service begins between
- 26 1765-Radicals opposing the Stamp Act strike again, gathering around bonfires and shouting for "
- 27 1914-Mises's teacher and mentor Eugen von Böhm- Bawerk dies
- 28 1749-Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German social philosopher, born
- 29 1632-John Locke, the great English classical liberal, born.
- 30 1979-President Carter attacked by a rabbit on a canoe trip in Plains,
- 31 1895-First professional football game played in
SEPTEMBER
- 1 1835- William Stanley Jevons, economist, born
- 2 1839- Henry George, economist and social critic, born
- 3 1935- First automobile to exceed 300 mph, Sir Malcolm Campbell
- 4 1964-"Gilligan's
- 5 1774- First Continental Congress
- 6 1757- Marquis de Lafayette, American patriot, born
- 7 1999- Viacom announces it is buying CBS for $36 billion, making it the largest media acquisition in history
- 8 1380- St. Bernardino of
- 9 1828- Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist ("War and Peace"), born. 1976- Mao Tse- tung, Communist Chinese dictator, dies at age 82
- 10 1904-Socialist agitator Max Shachtman born
- 11 1823-David Ricardo, pioneer of the classical school of economics, dies
- 12 1880-H. L Mencken, libertarian and American man of letters, born
- 13 1857-Milton S. Hershey, chocolate entrepreneur and philanthropist, born
- 14 1949-"Human Action: A Treatise on Economics," by Ludwig von Mises, published by Yale University Press
- 15 1620-"Mayflower" departs from
- 16 1908-General Motorsfounded by William C. Durant
- 17 1774-The Suffolk Resolves is endorsed by the First Continental Congress. 1928- JoAnn Rothbard born
- 18 1851-"The
- 19 1958-Mises visits
- 20 1519-Magellan starts first successful circumnavigation of the globe
- 21 1958-First airplane flight exceeding 1,200 hours lands in
- 22 1791-Michael Faraday discovers principle of electric motor. 1955-Commercial television comes to
- 23 484B. C.- Euripides born
- 24 1862-Confederate Congress adopts Confederacy seal
- 25 1789-U. S. Bill of Rights adopted
- 26 1898-Leonard Read, innovator of postwar libertarian movement, born
- 27 1787-First "Anti- Federalist" letter published in the "New York Journal," warning that the Constitution will breed despotism
- 28 1981-"Blue Monday" in
- 29 1881-Ludwig von Mises is born to Arthur Edler and Adele (Landau) von Mises, at Lemberg, in the Austro- Hungarian Empire
- 30 1715-Étienne Bonnot, Abbé de Condillac, French radical Lockean liberal, born
OCTOBER
- 1 1948- Yale University Press receives final manuscript of Mises's "Human Action"
- 2 1608- Prototype of modern reflecting telescope completed by Jan Lippershey
- 3 1952- First video recording on magnetic tape, Los Angeles
- 4 1958- Transatlantic commercial jet passenger service begins
- 5 1878- Thomas Alva Edison invents the electric lightbulb
- 6 1927- Al Jolson stars in the premiere of first talking motion picture, "The Jazz Singer"
- 7 1919- KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, the first commercial airline, is founded
- 8 1895- Gramophone company founded
- 9 1876- First telephone conversation over outdoor wires. 1974- F. A. Hayek receives Nobel Prize for works in economic theory
- 10 1899-Wilhelm Röpke is born 1973- Ludwig von Mises dies
- 11 1939-American Federation of Labor opposes U. S. involvement in WWII 1956- Murray Rothbard granted Ph. D., Columbia University
- 12 1870-General Robert E. Lee dies in Lexington, Virginia, at age 63
- 13 1870-Albert Jay Nock, American essayist and libertarian aristocrat, born. 1991- Bulgarian Communist government, last in Eastern Europe, ousted in elections
- 14 1774-Adoption of the Declaration of Rights
- 15 1878-Thomas Edison opens door of the Edison Electric Company
- 16 1773-First public meeting of protest against the Tea Act takes place in Philadelphia
- 17 1949-First long-distance dial telephone service begins
- 18 1859-Henri Bergson, French philosopher, born
- 19 1781-Battle of Yorktown (VA) ends in the British surrender to the Colonies. 1939-Film "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" debuts
- 20 1962-Mises is awarded the Austrian medal of honor for science and the arts
- 21 1879-Thomas Edison invents workable electric light in his laboratory. 1915- First transatlantic message is transmitted over radiotelephone
- 22 1938-First copy made by xerography by Chester Floyd Carlson
- 23 1869-New York Stock Exchange puts memberships up for sale, first time in its 75-year history
- 24 1978-Deregulation of regulated industries, such as airlines and railroads, to promote competition
- 25 1767-Benjamin Constant, French libertarian theorist, born 1844- Philip Wicksteed, Swedish economist, born
- 26 1855-Charles Post of Post cereals born
- 27 1904-First rapid transit subway, the IRT, opens in New York City, privately financed
- 28 1704-John Locke, great English liberal theorist, Dies. 1767- The first public resistance to the Townshend Acts
- 29 1765-Sam Adams draws up the Massachusetts Resolves, providing a natural rights position for inalienable rights to property
- 30 1840-William Graham Sumner, American libertarian sociologist, born. 1925- John Baird,Scottish TV pioneer, creates Great Britain's first TV transmitter
- 31 1938-"War of the Worlds" radio broadcast panics millions with prospect of invasion from outer space
NOVEMBER
- 1 1765- Mock funeral processions for liberty appear in Sons of Liberty demonstrations in Portsmouth, Newport, Baltimore, and Wilmington
- 2 1772- Sam Adams wins support for his plan for a permanent committee of correspondence
- 3 1783- Washington orders the Continental Army disbanded
- 4 1924- California legalizes professional boxing (illegal since 1914)
- 5 1935- Parker Brothers releases board game "Monopoly"
- 6 1954- Novelist and anti-New Deal author Garet Garrett dies
- 7 1811- California declares independence from Mexico
- 8 1945- Revenue Act cuts taxes by $6 billion, setting stage for postwar recovery
- 9 1930- First nonstop airplane flight from New York to Panama
- 10 1940-John T. Flynn announces to the Keep America Out of War Congress that Roosevelt has planned to lead America into war, to divert attention from the failure of the New Deal
- 11 1942-Richard von Strigl dies. 1972- Dow Jones breaks 1,000 for first time
- 12 1927-Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Communist Party, catapulting Josef Stalin to the top
- 13 1789-Benjamin Franklin lamented to a friend, "In this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes"
- 14 1915-Booker T. Washington, educator/ organizer, dies at 59 in Tuskegee, Alabama
- 15 1492-First mention of tobacco, when Columbus records in his journal its use among Indians. 1832- Proto-Austrian Jean Baptiste Say dies
- 16 1811-John Bright, British free-trade activist, born
- 17 1989-"Velvet Revolution," the antisocialist drive toward radical reform, begins in the former Czechoslovakia
- 18 1882-Jacques Maritain, French Thomist philosopher, dies
- 19 1493-Christopher Columbus discovers Puerto Rico, on his second voyage
- 20 1772-Sam Adams presents the Boston Resolves
- 21 1694-Voltaire [François- Marie Arouet], French liberal, born
- 22 1799-Second set of the Kentucky Resolutions is passed
- 23 1765-People of Frederick County, Maryland, refuse to pay England's Stamp Tax
- 24 1888-Dale Carnegie, author of motivational works, born
- 25 1632-Benedict de Spinoza, Dutch rationalist philosopher, born
- 26 1832-First streetcar railway in U. S. begins operation, privately financed
- 27 1874- Charles A. Beard, American revisionist historian, born
- 28 1995-President Bill Clinton signs bill to end the 55- miles- per- hour federal speed limit; free at last
- 29 1877-Thomas Edison demonstrates the hand-cranked phonograph
- 30 1900-Oscar Wilde dies in Paris at age 46
DECEMBER
- 1 1913- First drive-in automobile service station opens in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 2 1927- Henry Ford unveils the Model A automobile, successor to the Model T, at New York Waldorf Hotel
- 3 1621- Galileo perfects the telescope
- 4 1879- Edison demonstrates light bulb
- 5 1886- Rose Wilder Lane, author of "The Discovery of Freedom," born. 1933- Repeal of Prohibition
- 6 1889- Jefferson Davis, former president of the Confederacy, dies in New Orleans
- 7 1836- Martin Van Buren, a good president as these things go, is elected. 1941- Japan attacks U. S. fleet at Pearl Harbor, giving U. S. opportunity to declare war on Japan
- 8 1941- U. S. Congress declares war on Japan. 1991- Soviet Uniondissolved
- 9 1909- First U. S. monoplane flown (Henry W. Walden, Long Island, New York)
- 10 1915-Ten millionth Model T Ford assembled
- 11 1735-Paul Revere born. 1941- America First Committee dissolved.1971- Libertarian Party founded
- 12 1673-First tax rebellion, or organized refusals to pay taxes, in America, Lawnes Creek Parish Church in Surry County, Virginia
- 13 1994-First World Wide Web Consortium meeting at MIT
- 14 1819-Alabama is admitted as the 22nd U. S. state
- 15 1791-Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to U. S. Constitution) becomes law, following ratification by the state of Virginia
- 16 1773-Boston Tea Party: The Sons of Liberty, led by Sam Adams, protest monopolizing Tea Act
- 17 1860-South Carolina Secession Convention issues resolution in favor of secession. 1903-Wright Brothers first flight
- 18 1719-Thomas Fleet publishes "Mother Goose's Melodies For Children"
- 19 1828-Resolves of South Carolina Legislature deeming the Tariff of Abominations unconstitutional; John C. Calhoun abandons nationalism
- 20 1851-Knut Wicksell, Swedish economist, born. 1989- Popular uprising topples Communist regime in the western Romanian city of Timisoara
- 21 1980-Andrew Carnegie lectures a U. S. House panel on evils of tariffs
- 22 1731-Dutch people revolt against meat tax
- 23 1776-Thomas Paine writes "These are the times that try men's souls." 1913-Federal Reserve Act passed by Congress, singed into law by President Wilson.
- 24 1798-Virginia Resolution is passed. 1850-Claude Frédéric Bastiat dies
- 25 1989-Romanian dictator Nicolai Ceausescu and his wife shot. 1991- Dissolution of the Soviet Union, ending 72 years of Communist terror
- 26 1776-British troops suffer major defeat in the Battle of Trenton during Revolutionary War
- 27 1845-Anesthesia is administered during childbirth for the first time by Dr. Crawford Williamson Long in Jefferson, Georgia
- 28 1859- Frank Taussig, economist, born. 1966- Libertarian journalist Frank Chodorov dies
- 29 1989-Vaclav Havel becomes the first non-Communist elected as president of Czechoslovakia in 40 years
- 30 1861-South Carolina troops seize the U. S. arsenal at Charleston, after President Buchanan's failure to remove U. S. troops from the Charleston Harbor
- 31 192-Lucius Aurelius Commodus, emperor of Rome (180-192), killed Nov 2002
